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Rasburicase

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Rasburicase

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Rasburicase

Raspberry-case
DikeHAfifi
7 KEY FACTS
CHARACTERISTICS
Recombinant Uricase
Record-comb Unicorn-ace

Rasburicase is a recombinant uricase that works by converting uric acid to allantoin through oxidation. Allantoin is a water-soluble purine metabolite that more easily excreted from the kidney than uric acid.

Converts Uric Acid to Allantoin
Unicorn Acidic-lemon converting to Alien-toe

Rasburicase catalyzes the conversion of uric acid to allantoin (the end product of purine metabolism) which is water-soluble and is 5 to 10 times more soluble than uric acid.

INIDICATION
Hyperuricemia
Hiker-unicorn

Rasburicase is used in hyperuricemic conditions, especially in tumor lysis syndrome. Another condition in which rasburicase may be used is tophaceous gout when allopurinol is contraindicated. Reducing hyperuricemia is important to prevent renal impairment due to the precipitation of uric acid in renal tubules.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Tumor-guy Laser

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a spontaneous reaction described as rapid cellular lysis of tumor cells due to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy. This lysis can lead to hyperuricemia as uric acid spills out into the blood and can occur 48-72 hours after treatment. Uric acid can precipitate in the renal tubules and cause kidney injury. This can worsen hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia also seen in TLS. Rasburicase helps in this clinical situation.

SIDE EFFECTS
Hypersensitivity Reaction
Hiker-sensitive-crying

Rasburicase can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis. This may present with urticaria, dyspnea, chest pain, and/or hypotension. Treatment should be discontinued immediately if the patient develops severe reactions.

Methemoglobinemia
Moth-he-man-globe

Methemoglobinemia is commonly associated with G6PD deficiency, but can also be seen in patients with normal G6PD isoforms. It occurs due to the oxidative effects of rasburicase, thus should be immediately discontinued in patients who develop methemoglobinemia. These patients commonly present with cyanosis, dyspnea, and encephalopathy.

CONSIDERATIONS
Contraindicated in G6PD Deficiency
Caution-tape on Glue (6) Sax-P-Dehydrator Broken

Patients who are treated with rasburicase should be screened for G6PD deficiency, especially those at high risk. This is important to reduce the risk of hemolysis and methemoglobinemia.

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