Master Common Variable Immunodeficiency with Picmonic for Medicine

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Common variable immunodeficiency consists of a group of approximately 150 primary immunodeficiencies which have a common set of features but variable underlying causes. Overall, there is a defect in B cell maturation, leading to decreased number of plasma cells, and decreased immunoglobulins of all classes, but normal number of B cells. Because the patient is not able to produce sufficient antibodies in response to exposure to pathogens, they are at increased risk of recurrent sinopulmonary infections. In addition to infections, individuals are also at increased risk of autoimmune diseases and cancer such as lymphomas. Diagnosis is usually made by demonstrating low levels of immunoglobulins in the serum.

6 KEY FACTS

Overall, common variable immunodeficiency is characterized by a defect in B cell maturation, leading to decreased number of plasma cells and low levels of immunoglobulins in the serum. The number of B cells is normal, however.

Because the patient is not able to produce sufficient antibodies in response to exposure to pathogens, they are at increased risk of recurrent sinopulmonary infections.

There is an increased risk of autoimmune diseases in patients with Common variable immunodeficiency, with a risk of up to 25%. Most commonly, autoimmune destruction of platelets or red blood cells is seen.

Common variable immunodeficiency may predispose individuals to developing lymphomas, although the exact mechanism is poorly understood.

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