Autonomic Nervous System
- Sympathetic Nervous System
 - Fight or Flight
 - All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
 - Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
 - Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
 - Parasympathetic Nervous System
 - Rest and Digest
 - Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
 
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Internal Body Images
 - Detects Variations of Soft Tissues
 - No Metal Objects
 - No Pacemakers
 - Contrast is Non-Iodine
 - Safe During Pregnancy
 - Long Procedure
 - Antianxiety Medications
 
Lumbar Puncture
- CSF Sample
 - CSF Pressure
 - Empty Bladder
 - Side-lying Position
 - Between 3rd and 4th Lumbar Vertebrae
 - Number Tubes
 - Supine Position After Procedure
 - Increased ICP (Intracranial Pressure)
 - Infection at Puncture Site
 
Level of Consciousness: Descriptive guide for Glasgow Coma Scale
- Conscious
 - Confused
 - Delirious
 - Somnolent
 - Obtunded
 - Stuporous
 - Comatose
 
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
- Change in LOC
 - Headache
 - Cushings Triad
 - Irregular Respirations
 - Widening Pulse Pressure
 - Bradycardia
 - Projectile Vomiting
 - Abnormal Pupils
 - Papilledema
 - Posturing
 
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
- Elevate Head Of Bed
 - Foley Catheter
 - Mannitol (Osmitrol)
 - High Dose Barbiturates
 - Passive Hyperventilation
 - Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection)
 - Neuro Assessment
 - Maintain Normal Temperature
 - Avoid Activities That Increase ICP
 - Intracranial Monitoring System
 
Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
- Change in LOC
 - Personality Changes
 - Amnesia
 - Increased Intracranial Pressure
 - Diplopia
 - Posturing
 - Basilar Skull Fracture
 - Halo or Ring Sign
 - Intracranial Bleeding
 
Types of Head Injuries
- Open Head Injury
 - Linear Fracture
 - Comminuted Fracture
 - Depressed Fracture
 - Open Fracture
 - Basilar Skull Fracture
 - Closed Head Injury
 - Coup and Contrecoup
 - Brain Contusion
 - Concussion
 
Autonomic Dysreflexia
- Injury Above T6
 - Paroxysmal Hypertension
 - Bradycardia
 - Diaphoresis
 - Flushing Above Lesion
 - Piloerection
 - Nasal Congestion
 - Headache
 - Elevate Head of Bed
 - Remove Noxious Stimuli
 
Types of Seizures
- Tonic-Clonic
 - Tonic
 - Clonic
 - Absence (Petit Mal)
 - Myoclonic
 - Atonic
 - Partial (Focal) Seizure
 - Focal Aware (Formerly Called Simple Partial)
 - Focal Impaired Awareness (Formerly Called Complex Partial)
 
Seizure Interventions
- Maintain Airway
 - Side-lying Position
 - Support Head
 - Move to Floor
 - Benzodiazepines
 - Never Restrain
 - No Objects in Mouth
 - Document Details
 
Types of Strokes
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
 - Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
 - Ischemic
 - Thrombotic
 - Atherosclerosis
 - Embolic
 - Atrial Fibrillation
 - Hemorrhagic
 - Severe Hypertension
 
Left Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
 - Side to Side Discrimination
 - Aphasia
 - Agraphia
 - Slow Performance
 - Aware of Deficits
 - Anxiety
 - Depression
 
Right Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
 - Poor Proprioception
 - Disoriented to Person, Place, Time
 - Can't Recognize Faces (Prosopagnosia)
 - Loss of Judgement and Awareness
 - Impulsiveness
 - Personality Changes
 - Tonal Hearing Loss
 
Multiple Sclerosis Assessment
- Nerve Fiber Demyelination
 - Motor Issues
 - Cerebellar Signs
 - Fatigue
 - Paresthesias
 - Spasticity
 - Urinary Incontinence
 - Optic Neuritis
 - Women Between 20-50 Years Old
 - Relapse and Remission of Symptoms
 
Multiple Sclerosis Interventions
- Corticosteroids
 - Interferon Beta
 - Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera)
 - Fingolimod (Gilenya)
 - Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)
 - Natalizumab (Tysabri)
 - Increase Exercise
 - Identify Triggers
 
Myasthenia Gravis Assessment
- Weakness with Muscle Use
 - Diplopia
 - Ptosis
 - Dysphagia
 - Difficulty Speaking
 - Fatigue
 - Cholinergic Crisis
 - Overmedicated
 - Myasthenic Crisis
 - Not Enough Medication
 - Respiratory Muscle Paralysis
 
Indirect Cholinomimetics
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
 - Edrophonium
 - Myasthenia Gravis (Diagnosis)
 - Pyridostigmine and Neostigmine
 - Myasthenia Gravis (Tx)
 - Ileus
 - Physostigmine
 - Atropine Overdose
 - Glaucoma
 - Donepezil
 - Alzheimer's
 
Parkinson's Disease Assessment
- Decreased Dopamine
 - Older Adult
 - Cogwheel Rigidity
 - Bradykinesia
 - Shuffling Gait
 - Resting Tremor
 - Pill-Rolling
 - Mask-Like Face
 - Cognitive Decline
 
Parkinson's Disease Interventions
- Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
 - Entacapone (Comtan)
 - Selegiline (Eldepryl)
 - Amantadine (Symmetrel)
 - Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
 - Benztropine (Cogentin)
 - Allow Extra Time
 - Ensure Patient Safety
 - Surgery As Last Resort
 
Parkinson's Drugs
- Decreased Dopamine
 - Increased Acetylcholine
 - BALSA Acronym
 - Bromocriptine
 - Amantadine
 - Levodopa
 - Selegiline
 - Antimuscarinics
 
Muscles of Mastication
- Temporalis
 - Masseter
 - Medial Pterygoid
 - Lateral Pterygoid
 - Mandibular Branch (V3) of Trigeminal Nerve
 - 1st Branchial Arch
 
CN V
- Trigeminal Nerve
 - Sensory
 - Facial Sensation
 - Motor Function (Via Mandibular Nerve)
 - Mastication Muscles
 
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
- Ascending Paralysis
 - Muscle Weakness
 - Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
 - Diplopia
 - Difficulty Speaking
 - Dysphagia
 - Labile Blood Pressure
 - Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
 - Aggressive Airway Management
 
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
 - Systemic Muscle Wasting
 - Fasciculations
 - Spasticity
 - Fatigue
 - Riluzole (Rilutek)
 - Stretching
 - Little to No Cognitive Decline
 - Respiratory Support
 - Palliative Care
 
Meningitis Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
 - Fever
 - Nuchal Rigidity
 - Severe Headache
 - Purpura
 - Seizures
 - Photophobia
 - Opisthotonus Position
 - High-Pitched Cry
 - Bulging Fontanel
 
Meningitis Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
 - Dexamethasone
 - Analgesics
 - Antipyretics
 - Closely Monitor for Increased ICP
 - Bed Rest
 - Preventative Vaccinations
 - Droplet-Airborne Precautions
 
Common Causes of Meningitis: Adolescent and Adult (6 - 60 Years Old)
- Enteroviruses
 - Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
 - Neisseria meningitidis (#1 Cause in Teens)
 - Streptococcus pneumoniae
 
Common Causes of Meningitis: Elderly (60+ Years Old)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
 - Gram-Negative Rods
 - Listeria Monocytogenes