Master Parainfluenza Virus with Picmonic for Medicine

Paramyxoviruses are a family of negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses which include Parainfluenzae, RSV, Rubeola (Measles), and Mumps as well as others.

Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is an upper respiratory infection caused by the parainfluenza virus. It presents with respiratory difficulty and a characteristic barking cough. It most commonly affects children under the age of six.

Parainfluenza upper respiratory infections present with a characteristic barking cough that resembles the bark of a seal. It is caused by inflammation and swelling of the airways.

Parainfluenza infections can cause inflammation and swelling in the upper airway to the point of obstruction. This can cause an inspiratory stridor, which is a high-pitched wheezing sound on inspiration that results from turbulence in the upper airway. Inspiratory stridor is a sign of a medical emergency.

Swelling of the larynx and subglottic regions in parainfluenza infections cause narrowing of the airway. This narrowing can be seen on frontal neck X-Ray as a steeple sign, which refers to the tall and narrow towers on churches known as steeples.