Ace Your Biochemistry and Genetics Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Pre-Health Students
With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.
Biochemistry and Genetics | Pre-Health School Study Aid
Cell Components
- Cell membrane separates inside and outside
- Nucleus stores DNA
- Rough ER has ribosomes making proteins
- Vesicles transport proteins to Golgi complex and out of the cell
- Golgi complex packages and transports molecules
- In animals, mitochondria produce ATP
- In plants chloroplasts create carbohydrates
- In Plants Mitochondria Consume Carbohydrates to Make ATP
- Smooth ER synthesizes lipids
- Lysosomes are used for recycling and apoptosis
- Vacuoles are used for storing waste and toxins
- Ribosomes produce protein
2 mins
Cells and the Nucleus
- Cells are the smallest unit of life
- Cells are the building blocks of all life
- The nucleus is the "brain" of the cell
- The nucleus holds DNA
1 min
Chromosome and DNA
- DNA is the blueprint for building an organism
- A chromosome is packed with DNA
- Chromosomes exist in pairs
- Humans have 23 chromosome pairs
- Chromosomes are found in the nucleus
1 min
Genes and Alleles
- A gene is a fragment of DNA that codes for a trait (hair color)
- An allele is a form of a gene that codes for a specific characteristic (brown hair)
- Half of a child's genes and alleles come from each parent
1 min
Homozygous vs. Heterozygous
- Description of Genotypes
- Homozygous has 2 of the same allele (AA or aa)
- Homozygous dominant is AA
- Homozygous Recessive is aa
- Heterozygous has 2 different alleles (Aa)
2 mins
Genotype vs. Phenotype
- Genotype is the genetic makeup
- Genotype is coded in DNA
- Genotype is shown as 2 letters that represent 2 alleles
- Genotype is the code for phenotype
- Phenotype is physical appearance of organism
1 min
Heredity
- Passing characteristics from parent to offspring
- Those characteristics can be similar to or different from parents
- Half of the genes come from the father
- Half of the genes come from mother
- Recessive characteristics not expressed in either parent can be expressed in a child
- Some phenotypes are more favorable than others in Natural Selection
2 mins
Dominant vs. Recessive
- Dominant allele dominates over recessive allele
- If both alleles are present the dominant phenotype is expressed
- The recessive phenotype is expressed only with two recessive alleles
- Examples of dominant characteristics are widow's peak, dark hair, and dark eyes
- Examples of recessive characteristics are straight hairline, light hair, and light eyes
2 mins
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
- Constant Allele and Genotype frequencies with no evolutionary forces
- Conditions for Equilibrium
- No selection
- Large population
- No migration
- Random mating
- No net mutations
55 secs
Hybrid Punnett Square
- Gregor Mendel
- Two Hybrid Parents Mate
- 3 children have the same phenotype
- 1 child has a different phenotype
1 min
