Cervical Cancer Assessment
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Metrorrhagia
- Leukorrhea
- Pain
- Abnormal Pap Test
- May Be Asymptomatic
- HPV Vaccine
Cervical Cancer Screening
- Women Aged 21-65 Years
- Pap Smear Every 3 Years
- Women Aged 30-65 Years
- Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
- Identify Lesions
- Cryotherapy
- Loop Excision
- Cold Knife Conization
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Mechanism
- Hyperinsulinemia Increases GnRH Pulse Frequency
- Large Increase in LH
- Small Decrease in FSH
- Increased Androgen Production From Theca-Lutein Cells
- Decreased Steroid Hormone-Binding-Globulin (SHBG) Causes Increased Free Testosterone
- Obese Patients Have Increased Estrogen
- Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Most Common Cause of Infertility in Women
- Amenorrhea
- Acne
- Hirsutism
- Obesity
- Enlarged, Cystic Ovaries
- LH:FSH Ratio of 3:1
- "String of Pearls" on Ultrasound
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Treatment
- Weight Loss
- Oral Contraceptives
- Clomiphene Citrate
- Anti-androgens
- Cyclic Progesterone for Endometrial Protection
- Metformin