Ace Your First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2021) Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Physician Assistant (PA) Students
With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.
First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2021) | Physician Assistant (PA) School Study Aid
Fanconi Syndrome Characteristics
- Pathophysiology
- Resorption Defect in Proximal Tubule
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypophosphatemia
- Rickets
- Osteomalacia
- Hypokalemia
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Type 2 Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Treatment
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Bicarbonate
1 min
Fanconi Syndrome Causes
- Hereditary Causes
- Cystinosis
- Dent's Disease
- Wilson's Disease
- Oculocerebrorenal (Lowe) Syndrome
- Galactosemia
- Hereditary Fructose Intolerance
- Glycogen Storage Diseases
- Tyrosinemia
- Acquired and Medication Causes
- Tenofovir
- Heavy Metals
- Expired Tetracyclines
- Cisplatin
- Gentamycin (Aminoglycosides)
- Valproate Sodium
- Multiple Myeloma
2 mins
Bartter Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Defective NKCC Cotransporter
- Decreased Na+ Reabsorption
- Decreased Ca2+ Reabsorption
- Increased Aldosterone
- Clinical Features
- Hypovolemia
- Polyuria and Polydipsia
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- Mimics Loop Diuretics
- Nephrolithiasis
- Treatment
- Spironolactone (Aldactone)
4 mins
Gitelman Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Defective Sodium-Chloride Cotransporter in Distal Tubule
- Mechanism Mimics Thiazide Diuretics
- Clinical Presentation
- Cramping and Tetany
- Severe Fatigue
- Polyuria
- Diagnosis
- Hypokalemia
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- High Urine Chloride
- Treatment
- Electrolyte Supplements
- Spironolactone
4 mins
Liddle Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Collecting Duct
- Gain of Function Mutation in Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC)
- Excess Na+ and H2O Reabsorption
- Clinical Features
- Decreased Renin
- Decreased Aldosterone
- Hypertension with Hypokalemia
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- Pseudohyperaldosteronism
- Treatment
- Amiloride and Triamterene
3 mins
Syndrome Of Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess (SAME)
- Pathophysiology
- 11 Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Deficiency
- Elevated Cortisol
- Low Renin
- Low Aldosterone
- Causes
- Autosomal-Recessive
- Licorice (glycyrrhetinic acid) Ingestion
- Signs & Symptoms
- Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- Treatment
- Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
4 mins
