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Saunders Comprehensive Review For The NCLEX-RN Examination, 8 Ed.
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56 - Eye and Ear Problems

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Saunders Comprehensive Review For The NCLEX-RN Examination, 8 Ed. | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid

56 - Eye and Ear Problems
23 Picmonics to Learn | 28 mins
Eye
Characteristics
Sclera
Cornea
Iris
Lens
Ciliary Muscles
Optic Nerve
Rods
Cones
Retina
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1 min
Cranial Nerve Function
Sensory
CN I
CN II
CN VIII
Motor
CN III
CN IV
CN VI
CN XI
CN XII
Both
CN V
CN VII
CN IX
CN X
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1 min
CN I
Olfactory Nerve
Sensory
Smell
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36 secs
CN II
Optic Nerve
Sensory
Vision
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35 secs
CN III
Oculomotor Nerve
Motor
Eye Movement
Accommodation
Eyelid Opening
Pupillary Constriction
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1 min
CN IV
Trochlear Nerve
Motor
Abducts, Depresses, Internally Rotates
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48 secs
CN V
Trigeminal Nerve
Sensory
Facial Sensation
Motor Function (Via Mandibular Nerve)
Mastication Muscles
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1 min
CN VI
Abducens Nerve
Motor
Abducts Eye
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48 secs
CN VII
Facial Nerve
Lacrimation
Salivation
Sensory
Taste from Anterior 2/3 of Tongue
Motor
Facial Movement
Stapedius Muscle
Eyelid Closing
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1 min
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Sensory
Hearing
Balance
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55 secs
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Sensory
Taste from Posterior 1/3 of Tongue
Monitoring Carotid Body and Sinus
Motor
Stylopharyngeus
Swallowing
Salivation
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1 min
CN X
Vagus Nerve
Sensory
Aortic Arch Chemoreceptors and Baroreceptors
Taste from Epiglottic Region
Motor
Swallowing
Palate Elevation
Talking
Coughing
Midline Uvula
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1 min
CN XI
Accessory Nerve
Motor
Head Turning
Shoulder Shrugging
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36 secs
CN XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
Motor
Tongue Movement
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34 secs
Cataract
Mechanism
Age-related
Assessment
No Pain
Cloudy Opaque Lens
Decreased Visual Acuity
Occurs Gradually
Treatment
Surgery
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1 min
Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG - Acute)
Mechanism
Rapid Increase in IOP
Signs and Symptoms
Rapid Onset
Pain
Blurred Vision
Halos Around Lights
Nausea and Vomiting
IOP over 30 mm Hg
Considerations
Drug Therapy
Surgery
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1 min
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG - Chronic)
Mechanism
Flow of Aqueous Humor Slowed
Signs and Symptoms
Slow Onset
No Pain
Tunnel Vision
IOP 22-32mm Hg
Considerations
Drug Therapy
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1 min
Detached Retina
Assessment
Flashes of Light
Floaters
Curtain Like Shadow
Interventions
Eye Patch
Bed Rest
Surgical Emergency
Considerations
No Vigorous Activity
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2 mins
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Mechanism
Dry (nonexudative)
Wet (exudative)
Signs and Symptoms
Scotomas
Blurred, Darkened Vision
Loss of Central Vision
Distortion of Vision
Considerations
Drug Therapy
Surgery
Low-vision Assistive Devices
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2 mins
Care for the Hard of Hearing
Assessment
Normal: 0-15 dB
Rinne's Test
Weber's Test
Tinnitus
Difficulty Following Conversations
Nursing Considerations
Face Patient/Speak Clearly
Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
Repeat Statements Back
Hearing Aids
Sign Language
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2 mins
Otitis Media Assessment
Red or Bulging Tympanic Membrane
Ear Pain
Pulling at Ear
Fever
Upper Respiratory Infection
Considerations
More Common in Young Children
Eustachian Tube Narrower
Conductive Hearing Loss
Smoking Increases Risk
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2 mins
Otitis Media Interventions
Antipyretics
Analgesics
Antibiotics
Irrigation
Position on Affected Side
Myringotomy
Tympanostomy Tube
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2 mins
Meniere's Disease
Mechanism
Excess Endolymph
Signs and Symptoms
Tinnitus
One-sided Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Vertigo
Nausea and Vomiting
Considerations
Meclizine (Antivert)
Low Salt Diet
Surgery
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2 mins

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