Urinary Excretory Anatomy
- Renal Medulla
 - Renal Cortex
 - Nephron
 - Bowman's Capsule
 - Glomerulus
 - Proximal Tubule
 - Loop of Henle
 - Distal Tubule
 - Collecting Duct
 - Ureter
 - Urinary Bladder
 - Urethra
 
Renal Corpuscle
- Cortex
 - Arterioles
 - Glomerulus
 - Capillaries
 - Selective Filtration
 - Plasma Solutes and Other Small Molecules Become Ultrafiltrate
 - Bowman's Capsule Encapsulates Glomerulus
 
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) Lab Values
Creatinine Lab Values
- Measures Renal Function
 - 0.6 - 1.3 mg/dL
 
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Myoglobin
- Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Injury
 - Onset: 1 - 4 Hours
 - Peak: 12 Hours
 - Return to Normal: 24 Hours
 - Elevation After 24 Hours: Reinfarction
 
Chronic Kidney Disease Early Symptoms Assessment
- GFR < 60mL/min
 - Accumulation of Waste Products
 - General Malaise
 - Hypertension
 - Proteinuria
 - Hyperkalemia
 - Mineral and Bone Disorders
 - Neuropathy
 
Chronic Kidney Disease Late Symptoms Assessment
- Metabolic Acidosis
 - Severe Uremia
 - Arrhythmias
 - Edema
 - CNS Depression
 - Anemia
 - Oliguria
 - Pruritus
 - End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
 - GFR < 15mL/min
 
Chronic Kidney Disease Interventions
- Daily Weights
 - Strict I/O
 - Renal Diet
 - Strict Medication Regimen
 - Erythropoietin
 - Manage Hyperkalemia
 - Manage CKD-MBD
 - Dialysis
 - Kidney Transplant
 
Dialysis
- Hemodialysis
 - Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes
 - Disequilibrium Syndrome
 - Hypotension
 - NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula
 - Assess for Thrill and Bruit
 - Peritoneal Dialysis
 - Slow Process
 - Peritonitis
 - Loss of Protein
 - Hyperglycemia
 
Kidney Transplant
- End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
 - Selective Candidacy
 - Close Compatibility
 - Immunosuppressants
 - Monitor for Rejection
 - Monitor for Infection
 - Monitor Urine Output
 
Pyelonephritis Assessment
- Ascending Urethral Bacteria
 - Dysuria
 - Fever
 - Fatigue
 - Flank Pain
 - Costovertebral Tenderness
 - Nausea and Vomiting
 
Pyelonephritis Interventions
- Urinalysis
 - NSAIDs
 - Antibiotics
 - Increase Fluid Intake
 - Avoid Catheterization
 - Urosepsis
 
Glomerulonephritis Assessment
- Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection
 - Hypertension
 - Hematuria
 - Proteinuria
 - Oliguria
 - Generalized Edema
 - Increased BUN and CR
 - Flank Pain
 
Acute Glomerulonephritis Interventions
- Rest
 - Restrict Salt and Fluid Intake
 - Restrict Protein
 - Antihypertensives
 - Diuretics
 - Antibiotics
 
Chronic Glomerulonephritis Interventions
- Corticosteroids
 - Antihypertensives
 - Erythropoietin
 - Cytotoxic Agents
 - Dialysis
 - Plasmapheresis
 - Transplant
 
Prostatitis
- Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis
 - Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
 - Sexually Transmitted Organisms
 - E. Coli Infection
 - Flu-Like Symptoms
 - Perineal Pain
 - Dysuria
 - Sexual Dysfunction
 - Recurrent UTIs
 - Urinalysis
 - Tender Boggy Prostate
 - Antibiotics
 - Chronic Prostatitis