Cancer Warning Signs (CAUTION)
- Change in Bowel or Bladder Habits
 - A Sore That Does Not Heal
 - Unusual Bleeding or Discharge
 - Thickening or Lump in the Breast or Elsewhere
 - Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
 - Obvious Change to Warts or Moles
 - Nagging Cough
 
Macroscopic Bone Structure
- Compact Bone
 - Yellow Bone Marrow
 - Spongy Bone
 - Red Bone Marrow
 - Long Bone
 - Epiphysis
 - Epiphyseal Plate
 - Diaphysis
 - Metaphysis
 - Periosteum
 
Leukemia Assessment
- Immature WBCs
 - Recurrent Infections
 - Easy Bruising
 - Bleeding
 - Fatigue
 - Weight Loss
 - Bone Pain
 - Anemia
 - May Have Normal or High WBC Count
 
Leukemia Interventions
- Bone Marrow Aspiration
 - X-Rays
 - Chemotherapy
 - Bleeding Precautions
 - Neutropenic Precautions
 - Strict Asepsis
 - Bone Marrow Transplant
 - Blood Transfusions
 - Monitor Temperature Elevations
 - Adequate Nutrition
 - Imatinib (Gleevec) for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
 
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Assessment
- Lymph Node Cancer
 - Contiguous Spread
 - Painless Lymphadenopathy
 - Constitutional B Signs
 - Night Sweats
 - Fever
 - Weight Loss
 - Bimodal Age Distribution
 - Reed-Sternberg Cells
 
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Interventions
- Biopsy
 - Staging
 - Radiation
 - Chemotherapy
 - Treat Side Effects of Therapy
 - Secondary Cancer Screening
 
Cervical Cancer Assessment
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
 - Metrorrhagia
 - Leukorrhea
 - Pain
 - Abnormal Pap Test
 - May Be Asymptomatic
 - HPV Vaccine
 
Cervical Cancer Screening
- Women Aged 21-65 Years
 - Pap Smear Every 3 Years
 - Women Aged 30-65 Years
 - Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
 - Identify Lesions
 - Cryotherapy
 - Loop Excision
 - Cold Knife Conization
 
Breast Cancer Diagnosis
- Mammography
 - Ultrasound
 - MRI for High Risk Patients
 - Confirmed with Biopsy
 - Lymph Node Involvement
 - Receptor Positivity
 - Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors
 - HER-2
 
Breast Cancer Interventions
- Radiation or Chemotherapy
 - Hormonal Therapy
 - Tamoxifen
 - Lumpectomy
 - Mastectomy
 - Avoid BP and Injections Affected Arm
 - Hand Exercises
 - Grief Related to Body Image
 - Prosthetics
 - Reconstruction
 - Lymphedema
 
Colorectal Cancer Assessment
- 3rd Most Common Cancer
 - Change in Bowel Habits
 - Bowel Obstruction
 - Rectal Bleeding
 - Anemia
 - Weight Loss
 - Ascites
 - Colonoscopy
 - FOBT and FIT
 
Colorectal Cancer Interventions
- Surgical Colon Resection
 - Radiation
 - Chemotherapy
 - Bowel Cleansing
 - Screening
 - Colostomy
 - Dietary Consult
 - Body Image
 
Colostomy Care
- Wash with Warm Water
 - Cut 1/8 inch Around Stoma
 - Decreases Skin Irritation
 - Empty When 1/3 to 1/2 Full
 - Change 3-7 Days
 - Avoid Odor Causing Foods
 - Irrigate at Same Time
 
Lung Cancer Assessment
- 2nd Most Common Cancer
 - Chronic Cough
 - Hoarseness
 - Abnormal Breath Sounds
 - Hemoptysis
 - Chest Pain
 - Anorexia or Weight Loss
 - Symptoms Appear Late in Disease
 
Prostate Cancer Assessment
- Most Common Cancer in Men
 - Mimics BPH
 - Metastasis to Back
 - Low Back Pain
 - Fatigue
 - Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
 - Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
 - Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)
 - Biopsy