Pharmacology for Nurses - A Pathophysiologic Approach, 6th Ed., Adams, Holland & Urban. | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Pancreas
- Acinar Cells Release Digestive Enzymes
- Ductal Epithelial Cells Release Bicarbonate
- Islets of Langerhans
- Beta Cells Release Insulin
- Alpha Cells Release Glucagon
- Delta Cells Release Somatostatin
- Somatostatin Inhibits Alpha and Beta Cells
Diabetes Assessment
- Juvenile Onset
- Absent Insulin Production
- Ketosis Prone
- Adult Onset
- Insulin Resistance
- Obesity
- Onset During Pregnancy
- Glucose Intolerance
- Retinopathy
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Nephropathy
- Neuropathy
Diabetes Interventions
- Early Diagnosis
- Insulin
- Oral Hypoglycemics
- Glucose Monitoring
- Routine Exercise
- Diabetic Diet
- Monitor for Complications
- Insulin Therapy
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Hyperglycemia
- Insulin Resistance
- Too Little Insulin/Medication
- Infection/Illness
- Corticosteroids
- Elevated Blood Glucose
- Polyphagia
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Hypotension
- Fatigue/Drowsiness
Diabetes Insipidus Assessment
- Polyuria
- Nocturia
- Low Specific Gravity (USG)
- Polydipsia
- Dehydration
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Confusion
Insulin
- Rapid Acting
- Insulin Lispro (Humalog)
- Insulin Aspart (Novolog)
- Insulin Glulisine (Apidra)
- Short Acting
- Regular Insulin (Humulin R)
- Intermediate Acting
- Isophane NPH (Humulin N)
- Long Acting
- Detemir (Levemir)
- Glargine (Lantus)
Mixing NPH and Regular Insulin for Injection
- Verify Order
- Roll NPH Insulin
- Alcohol to Multiuse Vials
- Inject Air into NPH Insulin (Cloudy)
- Inject Air into Regular Insulin (Clear)
- Withdraw Regular Insulin Units
- Withdraw NPH Units
- Verify with 2nd Nurse
- Discard if Error
Chlorpropamide and Tolbutamide (Orinase) (1st Generation Sulfonylureas)
- 1st Generation Sulfonylureas
- Stimulate Release of Insulin
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Hypoglycemia
- Possible Cardiovascular Toxicity
- Beta-blockers Reduce Effects
- Avoid During Pregnancy and Breast Feeding
- Avoid Alcohol
Glyburide and Glipizide (2nd Generation Sulfonylureas)
- 2nd Generation Sulfonylureas
- Blocks Potassium Channels in Beta Cells
- Stimulate Release of Insulin
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Hypoglycemia
- More Potent
- Beta Blockers Reduce Effects
- Avoid Alcohol
- Avoid Breastfeeding
Pioglitazone (Thiazolidinediones)
- -glitazones Suffix
- Binds PPAR-Gamma
- Decreases Insulin Resistance
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Weight Gain
- Heart Failure
- Myalgia
- Hypoglycemia
- Upper Respiratory Infection
- Increased Risk of Bladder Cancer
- Increased Fracture Risk in Women
- Monitor Liver Enzymes
Repaglinide and Nateglinide (Meglitinides)
- Meglitinides
- Increased Insulin Release
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Hypoglycemia
- Eat Within 30 Minutes
- Gemfibrozil Increases Risk of Hypoglycemia
- Short Half-Life