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Medical-Surgical Nursing, 9th Ed., Ignatavicius & Workman, 2018
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43 - Care of Patients With Problems of the Central Nervous System: The Spinal Cord

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Medical-Surgical Nursing, 9th Ed., Ignatavicius & Workman, 2018 | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid

43 - Care of Patients With Problems of the Central Nervous System: The Spinal Cord
11 Picmonics to Learn | 21 mins
Posterior Column (Dorsal Column)
Ascending Pathway (Sensory)
Sensations
Proprioception
Fine Touch
Pressure
Vibration Sensation
Anatomy
Dorsal Root
Fasciculus Cuneatus
Arms
Fasciculus Gracilis
Lower Limbs
Lesions
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Tabes Dorsalis
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2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Assessment
Cause/Mechanism
Nerve Fiber Demyelination
Assessment
Motor Issues
Cerebellar Signs
Fatigue
Paresthesias
Spasticity
Urinary Incontinence
Optic Neuritis
Considerations
Women Between 20-50 Years Old
Relapse and Remission of Symptoms
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2 mins
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Assessment
Progressive Muscle Weakness
Systemic Muscle Wasting
Fasciculations
Spasticity
Fatigue
Considerations
Riluzole (Rilutek)
Stretching
Little to No Cognitive Decline
Respiratory Support
Palliative Care
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2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Interventions
Drug Therapy
Corticosteroids
Interferon Beta
Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera)
Fingolimod (Gilenya)
Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)
Natalizumab (Tysabri)
Considerations
Increase Exercise
Identify Triggers
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2 mins
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Procedure
Internal Body Images
Detects Variations of Soft Tissues
Considerations
No Metal Objects
No Pacemakers
Contrast is Non-Iodine
Safe During Pregnancy
Long Procedure
Antianxiety Medications
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2 mins
Atropine
Mechanism of Action
Muscarinic Antagonist
Indications
Bradycardia
Increased Exocrine Secretions
Smooth Muscle Spasms
Side Effects
Tachycardia
Dry Mouth
Urinary Retention
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2 mins
Anticholinergics
B.O.AT.S Acronym
Benztropine
Parkinson's Disease
Oxybutynin
Decrease bladder spasms
Atropine
Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
Scopolamine
Motion Sickness
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1 min
Anticholinergics Continued
Drugs
Glycopyrrolate
Reduces Airway Secretions
Ulcer Treatment
Ipratropium
Asthma and C.O.P.D
Dicyclomine
Hyoscyamine
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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1 min
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Injury Above T6
Assessment
Paroxysmal Hypertension
Bradycardia
Diaphoresis
Flushing Above Lesion
Piloerection
Nasal Congestion
Headache
Interventions
Elevate Head of Bed
Remove Noxious Stimuli
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2 mins
Herniated Disc (Nucleus Pulposus)
Cause/Mechanism
Spine Trauma
Natural Degeneration
Spinal Stenosis
Assessment
Pain
Weakness
Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
Interventions
Brace
Medications
Outpatient Procedures
Surgery
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2 mins
CSF Lab Values: Normal
Pressure: < 20 cm H2O
Color/Appearance: Clear or Colorless
Proteins: < 40 mg/dL
Lactate Dehydrogenase: 10% of Serum Level
Cells: 0-5 Small Lymphocytes
Glucose: 40-70 mg/dL
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2 mins

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