Renal Corpuscle
- Arterioles
- Glomerulus
- Capillaries
- Fenestrations
- Plasma Solutes and Other Small Molecules Become Ultrafiltrate
- Bowman's Capsule Encapsulates Glomerulus
Chronic Kidney Disease Early Symptoms Assessment
- GFR < 60mL/min
- Accumulation of Waste Products
- General Malaise
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria
- Hyperkalemia
- Mineral and Bone Disorders
- Neuropathy
Chronic Kidney Disease Late Symptoms Assessment
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Severe Uremia
- Arrhythmias
- Edema
- CNS Depression
- Anemia
- Oliguria
- Pruritus
- End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
- GFR < 15mL/min
Renal Calculi Assessment
- Hypercalcemia (Most Commonly)
- Flank Pain
- Radiates Toward Bladder
- Renal Colic
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Urinary Retention
- Hematuria
- Stone Recurrence
Proximal Tubule
- Na+ Reabsorbed Via Active Transport
- Water Follows Na+
- Most Of Glucose Reabsorbed
- Most Of Amino Acids Reabsorbed
- Bicarbonate Exchanged For H+
- Drugs and Toxins Excreted
- Filtrate Osmolarity Same As Plasma
- Leads To Loop Of Henle
Urinary Excretory Anatomy
- Renal Medulla
- Renal Cortex
- Nephron
- Bowman's Capsule
- Glomerulus
- Proximal Tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Tubule
- Collecting Duct
- Ureter
- Urinary Bladder
- Urethra
Collecting Duct
- Na+ Reabsorption
- Vasopressin Causes Water reabsorption
- Concentrates Filtrate
Metabolic Acidosis Assessment
- Decreased pH < 7.35
- Decreased HCO3 < 22
- Abdominal Pain
- CNS Depression
- Coma
- Hypotension
- Arrhythmias
- Increased Respirations
- Kussmaul Respirations
- Flushed, Warm, Dry Skin
- Muscle Weakness
Metabolic Acidosis Interventions
- Raise Plasma pH > 7.20
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Sodium Bicarbonate
- Follow ABGs
- Continuously Monitor Patient