Pharmacology for Nurses - A Pathophysiologic Approach, 6th Ed., Adams, Holland & Urban. |  Practical Nurse (LPN) School Study Aid
Primary Hypertension Risk Factors
- Excessive Alcohol Consumption
 - High Sodium Diet
 - Dyslipidemia
 - Obesity
 - People of African Descent
 - Advanced Age
 - Vitamin D Deficiency
 - Reduced Nephron Number
 - Diabetes
 - Lack of Physical Activity
 
Blood Pressure Classification (JNC 7)
- Normal
 - Systolic (<120)
 - Diastolic (< 80)
 - Prehypertension
 - Systolic +20 (120-139)
 - Diastolic +10 (80-89)
 - Stage 1 Hypertension
 - Systolic +20 (140-159)
 - Diastolic +10 (90-99)
 - Stage 2 Hypertension
 - Systolic + > 20 (160)
 - Diastolic + > 10 (100)
 - Hypertensive Crisis
 - Systolic > 180
 - Diastolic > 110
 
Hypertension Assessment
- Essential Hypertension
 - Secondary Hypertension
 - Headache
 - Vision Changes
 - Nosebleed (Epistaxis)
 - Chest Pain
 - Syncope (Fainting)
 - Average 2 Sets, 2 Minutes Apart
 - After 2 or More Visits (within 1-4 weeks)
 - Take BP Both Arms
 - Common in African Americans
 
Hypertension Intervention
- Weight Reduction and Exercise
 - Diet Changes
 - Relaxation Techniques
 - Smoking Cessation
 - Medications
 - Encourage Self Monitoring
 
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
 - ACE Inhibitors
 - Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
 - Beta Blockers
 - Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
 
Syndrome Of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
- Hypersecretion of ADH
 - Increased Sensitivity to ADH
 - Serum Hypoosmolality
 - Coma and Seizure
 - Dilutional Hyponatremia
 - Cramps and Tremors
 - Euvolemia
 - Change in LOC
 
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Pharmacologic Interventions
- Diuretics
 - Hypertonic IV Fluids
 - Demeclocycline
 - Tolvaptan and Conivaptan
 
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Nonpharmacologic Interventions
- Monitor Serum and Urine Osmolality
 - IandOs with Daily Weights
 - Restrict Fluid Intake
 - Monitor Cardiovascular and Neurological Status
 - Seizure Precautions
 
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- "-pril" Suffix
 - Block Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
 - Hypertension
 - Heart Failure
 - Dry Non-productive Cough
 - Hypotension
 - Dizziness
 - Possible Hyperkalemia
 - Angioedema
 - Slowly Change Position
 - Do Not Stop Abruptly
 
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
 - Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
 - Hypertension
 - Angioedema
 - Renal Artery Stenosis
 - Pregnancy
 
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Slows AV Conduction
 - Angina Pectoris
 - Arrhythmias
 - Essential Hypertension
 - Bradycardia
 - Hypotension
 - Constipation
 - Peripheral Edema
 - Gingival Hyperplasia
 - Medication Education
 
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
 - Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
 - Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
 - Decreases Renin Release
 - Hypertension
 - Heart Failure
 - Angina Pectoris
 - Asthma and Heart Block Patients
 - Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
 - Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
 - Do Not Stop Abruptly