Ace Your First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2023) Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Medicine (MD/DO) Students
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2023) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Von Willebrand Disease
- Mixed platelet and coagulation disorder
- Mechanism
- Autosomal Dominant Condition Leading to Reduced vWF
- Defect in platelet plug formation
- Labs
- Increased Bleeding Time
- PTT increased
- Factor VIII decreased
- Normal platelet count
- Treatment
- DDAVP (synthetic vasopressin)
1 min
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Pathophysiology
- Bleeding State
- Activation of Clotting Factors
- Deficiency of Clotting Factors
- Causes
- Sepsis
- Trauma
- Obstetric Complications
- Acute Pancreatitis
- Malignancy
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Transfusion
2 mins
Snake Bite Injury
- Local Findings
- Edema
- Erythema
- Tissue Necrosis
- Systemic Findings
- Neurotoxicity
- Distributive Shock
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Diagnosis
- Diagnosis by Clinical Impression
- Management
- Antivenom
- Closely Monitor Patient
2 mins
Antithrombin Deficiency
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Dominant
- Increased Thrombin and Factor X
- Heparin Resistance
- Hypercoagulability
- Diagnosis
- Family History
- Normal PT, PTT, and Bleeding Time
- Antithrombin-Heparin Cofactor Assay
- Management
- Factor Xa Inhibitors
- Direct Thrombin Inhibitors
- Low Molecular Weight Heparin
- Antithrombin Replacement
3 mins
Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia
- Pathophysiology
- Most Common Genetic Clotting Disorder in Caucasians
- Genetic Point Mutation
- Glutamine Replaces Arginine
- Mutant Factor V
- Resistant to Degradation by Activated Protein C
- Symptoms
- Hypercoagulability
- Recurrent DVT (Increased Risk of Thromboembolism)
- Considerations
- Avoid Oral Contraceptives
- Caution During Pregnancy
2 mins
Protein C or S Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Inability to Inactivate Factor Va and VIIIa
- Symptoms
- Hypercoagulable State
- Recurrent DVTs or DVTs at Young Age
- Treatment
- Begin Heparin
- Slowly Bridge to Warfarin
- Hemorrhagic Skin Necrosis
2 mins
Prothrombin G20210A Mutation
- Pathophysiology
- Second Most Common Genetic Clotting Disorder in Caucasians
- Autosomal Dominant
- Genetic Point Mutation
- 3' Untranslated Region
- Increased PT
- Clinical Features
- Hypercoagulability
- Increased Risk of Thromboembolism
- Considerations
- Avoid Oral Contraceptives
- Caution During Pregnancy
- Caution After Surgery
- Caution During Long Flights
- Treatment
- Anticoagulation
3 mins
