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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2020) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Bacillus
- Oxidase Negative
- Urease-Positive
- Swarming Motility
- Non-lactose Fermenting
- Symptoms
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Struvite Crystals
- Staghorn Kidney Stones
- Signs and Symptoms
- Aspiration Pneumonia
- Alcoholics
- Diabetics
- Red Currant Jelly Sputum
- Lung Abscess
- Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infection
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Bacilli
- Oxidase-Negative
- Intestinal Flora
- Antiphagocytic Virulence Factor
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- Positive Quellung Reaction
- Mucoid Colonies
- Urease-Positive
- Fast Lactose Fermenter
- Pink on MacConkey Agar
- Acute Inflammatory Monoarthritis
- Epidemiology
- Primarily in Males
- Pathophysiology
- Precipitation of Monosodium Urate Crystals
- Underexcretion of Uric Acid
- Overproduction of Uric Acid
- Negatively Birefringent, Needle-Shaped
- Symptoms
- Swollen, Red, Painful Joint
- Asymmetric Joint Distribution
- Podagra
- Tophus
- After Large Meal or Alcohol
- Acute (Acute-angle)
- NSAIDs
- Glucocorticoids
- Colchicine
- Impairs Leukocyte Chemotaxis
- Chronic Gout (Crone Goat)
- Inhibit Xanthine Oxidase
- Allopurinol
- Febuxostat
- Inhibit Reabsorption of Uric Acid
- Probenecid
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Defect of Renal Tubular Amino Acid Transporter
- C-O-L-A Acronym
- Cystine
- Ornithine
- Lysine
- Arginine
- Signs and Symptoms
- Excess Cystine in Urine
- Hexagonal Crystals
- Staghorn Kidney Stones
- Urinary Tract Infections
- Diagnosis
- Cyanide Nitroprusside Test
- Treatment
- Hydration
- Alkalinize the Urine
- Penicillamine
- Struvite
- Struvite (Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate)
- Urinary Tract Infections
- "Coffin Lid" Appearance
- Radiopaque
- Increased Urine pH
- Calcium Phosphate
- Calcium Phosphate
- Hypercalcemia
- Wedge-shaped Prisms
- Radiopaque
- Increased Urine pH
- Diagnosis
- Urinalysis with Culture
- Noncontrast CT
- Ultrasound
- Management
- < 10 mm
- Supportive Care
- 10-20 mm
- Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
- Ureteroscopy
- > 20 mm
- Surgery
- Calcium Oxalate
- Calcium Oxalate
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Ethylene Glycol
- Vitamin C
- "Dumbbell", Bipyramidal, or Octahedral-shaped
- Radiopaque
- Uric Acid
- Uric Acid
- Gout
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Rhomboidal, Rosette, or Needle-shaped
- Radiolucent
- Decreased Urine pH
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