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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2018) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Acetaminophen Antidote
- Antidote
- N-Acetylcysteine
33 secs
Amphetamine Antidote
- Antidote
- Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)
- Acidify Urine
34 secs
Antimuscarinic Antidote
- Antidote
- Physostigmine Salicylate
44 secs
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Antidote
- Antidote
- Atropine
- Pralidoxime
1 min
Arsenic, Gold and Copper Antidotes
- Toxic Metals
- Arsenic
- Gold
- Copper
- Antidotes
- Penicillamine
- Dimercaprol (BAL)
- Succimer
2 mins
Lead Antidotes
- Antidotes
- Dimercaprol
- CaEDTA
- Succimer
39 secs
Beta Blocker Antidote
- Antidote
- Glucagon
29 secs
Iron Antidote
- Antidote
- DeFEroxamine
23 secs
Opioid Antidote
- Antidote
- Naloxone
29 secs
Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) Antidote
- Antidote
- Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
27 secs
Benzodiazepine Antidote
- Antidote
- Flumazenil
40 secs
Warfarin Antidotes
- Antidotes
- Vitamin K
- Fresh Frozen Plasma
59 secs
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Overview
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Serotonin and NE Reuptake
- Lipid-soluble
- Side Effects
- Adverse CNS Effects
- Anticholinergic
- Antihistamine
- Tri-C: Convulsion, Coma, Cardiotoxicity
- Blocks Alpha1 Receptors
2 mins
Amphetamines Intoxication Assessment
- Euphoria
- Insomnia
- Mydriasis
- Diaphoresis
- Hypertension
- Tachycardia
- Paranoia
- Anxiety
- Anorexia
- Seizures
2 mins
Cocaine Intoxication Assessment
- Euphoria
- Delusions
- Mydriasis
- Hallucinations
- Agitation
- Hypertension
- Arrhythmias
- Hyperthermia
- Seizures
- Nasal Septum Perforation
2 mins
Methylergonovine (Methergine) and Ergotamine (Ergot Alkaloids)
- Mechanism
- Smooth Muscle Contraction
- Vasoconstriction
- Indications
- Migraine
- Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Side Effects
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Severe Hypertension
- Tachycardia
- Considerations
- 2nd Line Agent
2 mins
Haloperidol (Haldol)
- Mechanism
- High Potency Antipsychotic
- Indications
- Migraine
- Schizophrenia
- Side Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Weight Gain
- QT Prolongation
- Restlessness
- Considerations
- Caution in Seizure Patients
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
2 mins
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Mechanism of Action
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Nursing Consideration
- Medication Education
2 mins
Niacin Therapy (Vitamin B3)
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Lipolysis in Adipose Tissue
- Reduces Hepatic VLDL Secretion
- Indications
- Decrease Triglycerides
- Decrease LDL
- Increase HDL
- Side Effects
- Flushing
- Decreased by Aspirin
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperuricemia
2 mins
Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
- Side Effects
- Thrombophlebitis
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
- Prevent with Antihistamine
- Prevent with Slow Infusion
2 mins
Class IA Antiarrhythmics (Na+ Channel Blockers)
- Indications
- Arrhythmias
- Mechanism of Action
- Increase AP, ERP, and QT interval.
- Drugs
- Disopyramide
- Procainamide
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Quinidine
- Cinchonism
- Shared Side Effects
- Thrombocytopenia
- Torsades de Pointes
1 min
Macrolides Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Prolonged QT Interval
- P450 Inhibitor
- Cholestatic Hepatitis
- Skin Rash
- Eosinophilia
3 mins
Adenosine (Adenocard)
- Mechanism
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (Paroxysmal)
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Flushing
- Dyspnea
- Considerations
- Rapid IV Push
- Caffeine and Theophylline Decrease Effectiveness
- Dipyridamole May Intensify Effects
2 mins
Echinocandins
- "-Fungin" Suffix
- Indications
- Invasive Aspergillosis
- Candida
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Cell Wall Synthesis
- Inhibits Synthesis of Beta-glucan
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Flushing
1 min
Ondansetron
- Indications
- Postoperative Vomiting
- Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
- Mechanism
- 5-HT3 Serotonergic Antagonist
- Centrally-acting Antiemetic
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Constipation
- QT Prolongation
1 min
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
- Indications
- Solid Tumors
- Lymphomas and Leukemias
- Mechanism
- Free Radical Production
- Intercalates DNA
- Prevents Double Helix from Sealing
- Side Effect
- Cardiotoxicity
- Dexrazoxane Decreases Toxicity
1 min
Sumatriptan
- Mechanism of Action
- Short Half-Life
- 5-HT Agonist
- Inhibits Trigeminal Nerve Activation
- Induces Vasoconstriction
- Indications
- Migraine
- Cluster Headache
- Side Effects
- Increased Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
- Paresthesias
- Coronary Vasospasm
- Contraindication
- Prinzmetal's Angina
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
3 mins
Methemoglobinemia Diagnosis and Management
- Clinical Features
- Cyanosis
- Respiratory Distress
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Diagnosis
- "Chocolate-colored Blood"
- Decreased Oxygen Saturation
- Normal Partial Pressure of Arterial O2 (PaO2)
- Management
- Identify Triggers
- Methylene Blue
- Vitamin C
- Exchange Transfusion
3 mins
Beers Criteria
- Use
- Elderly
- Avoiding Harmful Polypharmacy
- Drug Classes
- Anticholinergics
- Benzodiazepines
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- Antihistamines
- Antidepressants
- NSAIDs
- Antispasmodics
- Opioids
- Alpha Blockers
- Antiparkinson Agents
2 mins
Tetrodotoxin
- Source
- Pufferfish
- Mechanism
- Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
- Prevents Depolarization
- Signs and Symptoms
- Weakness
- Dizziness
- Paresthesia
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Loss of Reflexes
- Paralysis
- Management
- Supportive
2 mins
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