Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
- Bimodal Age Distribution
 - Painless Vaginal Bleeding
 - Amenorrhea 
 - Menorrhagia (Heavy Menstrual Bleeding)
 - Metrorrhagia (Bleeding Between Menses)
 - Balloon Thermotherapy
 - Hormone Medications
 - Dilation and Curettage (DandC)
 - Monitor for Anemia
 
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
 - Chlamydia Trachomatis
 - Cervical Motion Tenderness
 - Chandelier Sign
 - Salpingitis
 - Tubo-ovarian abscess
 - Hydrosalpinx
 - Ectopic Pregnancy
 - Infertility
 - Adhesions
 - Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
 
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Interventions
- Antibiotics
 - No Intercourse for 3 Weeks
 - Semi-Fowler's Position
 - Analgesics
 - Monitor Temperature
 - Treat Partners
 
Endometriosis Characteristics
- Endometrial Tissue Outside of Uterus
 - Glands and Stroma
 - Most Common in Ovary, Pelvis, Peritoneum and Bowels
 - "Chocolate Cyst" in Ovary
 - Adenomyosis
 - Retrograde Flow
 - Metaplastic Transformation
 - Mullerianosis
 
Endometriosis Symptoms and Treatment
- Dysmenorrhea
 - Cyclic Pelvic Pain
 - Dyschezia
 - Dysuria
 - Dyspareunia
 - 30-40% are Infertile
 - Surgery
 - NSAIDs
 - OCPs
 - Progesterone (Progestins)
 - GnRH Agonists
 
Choriocarcinoma
- Germ-cell tumor
 - Trophoblastic tissue
 - Hematogenous spread to lungs
 - Malignant
 - Theca-lutein cysts
 - Hydatidiform Mole
 - hCG
 
Cervical Cancer Screening
- Women Aged 21-65 Years
 - Pap Smear Every 3 Years
 - Women Aged 30-65 Years
 - Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
 - Identify Lesions
 - Cryotherapy
 - Loop Excision
 - Cold Knife Conization
 
Cervical Cancer Assessment
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
 - Metrorrhagia
 - Leukorrhea
 - Pain
 - Abnormal Pap Test
 - May Be Asymptomatic
 - HPV Vaccine
 
Vaginitis
- Infection
 - Postmenopausal Atrophy
 - Vaginal Discharge
 - Pruritus
 - Antifungals (Miconazole, Clotrimazole)
 - Antibiotics
 - Estrogen Hormones
 - Abstinence
 - Good Hygiene
 - Recurrent Vaginitis
 
Uterine Leiomyoma (Fibroids) Characteristics and Presentation
- Most Common Gynecologic Tumor
 - Benign Smooth Muscle Tumor
 - Early Menarche
 - Hormone Sensitive
 - African Americans
 - Abnormal Menses
 - Infertility
 - Urinary Symptoms
 - Irregularly Enlarged Uterus
 
Endometrial Hyperplasia
- Unopposed Estrogen
 - With or Without Atypia
 - Postmenopausal Vaginal Bleeding
 - Amenorrhea
 - Menorrhagia
 - Metrorrhagia
 - Short Menstrual Cycles
 - Transvaginal Ultrasound
 - Progesterone
 - Endometrial Carcinoma
 
Endometritis
- Postpartum Endometritis
 - Cesarean Birth
 - Fever
 - Uterine Tenderness
 - Acute Endometritis
 - Neutrophils
 - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
 - Chronic Endometritis
 - Plasma Cells
 - Idiopathic
 - Gentamicin + Clindamycin
 - Ampicillin-Sulbactam
 
Vaginal Cancer
- HPV 16, 18
 - Squamous Cell Carcinoma is Most Common Subtype
 - Vaginal Bleeding
 - Leukoplakia
 - Colposcopy with Biopsy
 - Radiation Therapy
 - Surgery
 
Asherman Syndrome
- Endometrial Adhesions or Fibrosis
 - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
 - Dilation and Curettage (D&C)
 - Infertility
 - Recurrent Miscarriages
 - Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
 - No Bleeding after Progesterone Withdrawal
 - Honeycomb Uterus
 - Surgical Resection
 
Vaginal Cancer Subtypes
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma
 - Most Common Subtype
 - Associated with Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma
 - Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma
 - Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Exposure
 - Sarcoma Botryoides
 - Malignant Rhabdomyosarcoma
 - "Bunch of Grapes" in Vagina
 - Spindle-Shaped Cells
 - Desmin Positive
 
Endometrial Carcinoma
- Most Common Genital Tract Cancer
 - Located at the Endometrium
 - Irregular Vaginal Bleeding
 - Type 1 is Endometrial Carcinoma
 - Unopposed Estrogen Stimulation
 - Obesity
 - Loss of Tumor Suppressor PTEN
 - Loss of Mismatch Repair
 - Type 2 is Serous Carcinoma
 - Aggressive
 - Psammoma Bodies
 - TVUS/Endometrial Biopsy
 - Total Hysterectomy/with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy