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Medicine (MD/DO)
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USMLE Step 1
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Microbiology
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Other Bacteria

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Microbiology | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

Other Bacteria
18 Picmonics to Learn | 36 mins
Mycobacterium leprae
Characteristics
Acid-Fast
Aerobic
Likes Cool Temperature
Diagnosis by Skin Biopsy or PCR
Lepromatous Leprosy
Th2 Response
Leonine Facies
Tuberculoid Leprosy
TH1 Response
Hypoesthetic Skin Plaques
Granulomatous Response
Treatment
Dapsone
Rifampin
Clofazimine
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2 mins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Characteristics
Characteristics
Mycolic Acid Cell Wall
Acid-fast
Carbolfuchsin Stain Red
Lowenstein-Jensen Agar
Serpentine Cord Factor
Primary TB
Primary TB
Caseating Granuloma
Ghon Focus
Hilar Lymph Nodes
Ghon Complex
Reactivation TB
Reactivation TB
Reactivation in Apex
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3 mins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Disease
CONSTITUTIONAL SYMPTOMS/PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Fever
Night Sweats
Weight Loss
Hemoptysis
EXTRA-PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Extrapulmonary Disease
Addison's Disease
CNS
Liver
Kidneys
GI
Bones
Pott's Disease
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3 mins
Tuberculosis Assessment
Etiology
Airborne Droplet
Assessment
3 Week Productive Cough
Night Sweats
Chest Pain
Fever
Weight Loss
Fatigue
Diagnosis
Chest X-Ray
Blood Tests
Mantoux Skin Test
3 Positive Sputum Tests
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1 min
Ghon Complex
Calcified Focus of Infection
Hilar Lymph Nodes
Primary Tuberculosis
Typically in Children
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1 min
Tuberculosis Intervention
Hospital Care
Airborne Isolation
Drug Therapy
Combination Drug Therapy (RIPE)
6-12 Months
Considerations
DOT
BCG Vaccination
Medication Education
3 Negative Sputum Specimens
Infection Control
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2 mins
Tuberculosis Skin Mantoux Test (PPD)
Delayed Hypersensitivity (Cell Mediated Response)
Intradermal Injection
Read 48-72 hours
Positive Results
≥ 5 mm Induration
Immunosuppressed
≥ 10 mm Induration
High Risk Patients
≥ 15 mm Induration
Considerations
Chest X-Ray
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3 mins
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
Characteristics
No Cell Wall and No Gram Stain
Cholesterol Membrane
Eaton's Agar
Mulberry Colonies
Disease
Atypical pneumonia
Military Recruits
Cold IgM Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Erythema Multiforme
Treatment
Tetracycline
Erythromycin
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2 mins
Chlamydia Characteristics
Characteristics
Cannot Make ATP
Elementary body infects
Intraepithelial
Reticulate Body Replicates
Diagnosis
Cell Wall Lacks Muramic Acid
Giemsa Stain
Inclusion Bodies
Treatment
Azithromycin (Preferred)
Doxycycline
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2 mins
Chlamydia trachomatis
Characteristics
A to C
Trachoma
Follicular Conjunctivitis
Blindness
Africa
L1 to 3
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Buboes
Genital Ulcer
D to K
Urethritis and PID
Neonatal Pneumonia
Staccato Cough
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
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2 mins
Chlamydia
Mechanism
Chlamydia trachomatis
Assessment
May Be Asymptomatic
Dysuria
Epididymitis
Discharge
Dyspareunia
Interventions
Doxycycline
Azithromycin
No Intercourse for 1 Week
Treat Partners
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2 mins
Rickettsia
Need CoA and NAD
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Typhus
Ehrlichiosis
Q fever
Arthropod vector
Fever
Headache
Rash
Weil-Felix reaction
Treatment doxycycline
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1 min
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rickettsia rickettsii
Dermacentor Wood Tick
Endemic to East Coast
Fever
Headache
Rash Starts on Wrist and Ankle
Rash migrates towards the trunk
Thrombocytopenia
Hyponatremia
Elevated liver enzymes
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59 secs
Coxiella burnetii
Characteristics
Gram Negative Bacteria
Intracellular
Aerosol Transmission
Affects Animal Handlers
Presentation
Q Fever
Flu-like Symptoms
Atypical Pneumonia
Hepatitis
Endocarditis
Diagnosis
Serology
Treatment
Doxycycline
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2 mins
Francisella tularensis
Mechanism
Contact with Infected Animals
Dermacentor Wood Tick
Deer Fly
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Coccobacilli
Facultative Intracellular
Charcoal Yeast Agar with Cysteine and Iron
Signs and Symptoms
Ulceration
Fever
Painful Lymphadenopathy
Caseating Granulomas
Treatment
Streptomycin
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3 mins
Gardnerella vaginalis
Signs and Symptoms
Bacterial Vaginosis
Not an STD
Fishy Smell
Whiff Test
Grey Vaginal Discharge
Increase pH
Clue Cells
Squamous Epithelial Cells Covered with Bacteria
Mobiluncus Coinfection
Treatment
Metronidazole
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2 mins
Ehrlichiosis
Characteristics
Intracellular Gram-Negative Rod
Lone Star Tick
Deer Reservoir
Clinical Features
Fever
Flu-like Symptoms
Rash is Rare
Diagnostic Workup
Antibody Testing
Pancytopenia
Monocytes with Cytoplasmic Morulae
Treatment
Doxycycline
Tetracycline
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2 mins
Anaplasmosis
Characteristics
Ixodes Tick
Deer and Mice Reservoirs
Clinical Features
Flu-Like Symptoms
Fever
Rash is Rare
Diagnosis
Granulocytes with Cytoplasmic Morulae
Antibody Testing
Pancytopenia
Management
Doxycycline
Rifampin
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2 mins

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