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pharm test 4
Gout Treatment
Acute (Acute-angle)
NSAIDs
Glucocorticoids
Colchicine
Impairs Leukocyte Chemotaxis
Chronic Gout (Crone Goat)
Inhibit Xanthine Oxidase
Allopurinol
Febuxostat
Inhibit Reabsorption of Uric Acid
Probenecid
1 min
Cromolyn (Mast Cell Stabilizers)
Mechanism
Mast Cell Stabilizer
Indications
Asthma Prophylaxis
Bronchial Inflammation
Allergic Rhinitis
Side Effects
Cough
Bronchospasm
Consideration
Fixed Schedule Administration
2 mins
Montelukast (Singulair)
Mechanism
Leukotriene Receptor Blocker
Indications
Allergic Rhinitis
Asthma Prophylaxis
Exercise Induced Bronchospasm
Side Effects
Fatigue
Headache
Mood Changes
Suicidal Thoughts
Considerations
Increased Risk of Churg Strauss
2 mins
Albuterol (Proventil)
Mechanism
Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonist
Indications
Bronchospasm
Asthma
Side Effects
Angina
Tachycardia
Tremor
1 min
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
Mechanism
Glucocorticoid
Indications
Inflammatory Conditions
Organ Transplant Rejection
Side Effects
Cataracts and Glaucoma
Cushing's Syndrome
Osteoporosis
Immunosuppression
Hyperglycemia
Ulcers
Considerations
Adrenal Insufficiency
Taper Gradually
2 mins
Codeine
Mechanism
Opioid Receptor Agonist
Indications
Mild to Moderate Pain
Cough Suppressant
Side Effects
Sedation
Constipation
Miosis
Considerations
Close Monitoring When Breast Feeding
Often Combined with Non-Opioids
2 mins
Anticholinergics Continued
Drugs
Glycopyrrolate
Reduces Airway Secretions
Ulcer Treatment
Ipratropium
Asthma and C.O.P.D
Dicyclomine
Hyoscyamine
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
1 min
NSAIDs
Indications
Anti-inflammatory
Analgesic
Fever
Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Mechanism of Action
Reversible Inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2
Block Prostaglandin Synthesis
Side Effects
Interstitial Nephritis
Gastric Ulcer
Renal Ischemia
1 min
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
Mechanism
Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
NSAID
Indications
Thrombotic Event Prevention
General Pain
Inflammatory Conditions
Fever
Side Effects
Pancytopenia
GI Ulcers
Bleeding
Considerations
Withhold Before Surgery 7-10 Days
Reye's Syndrome
2 mins
Reye's Syndrome
Cause
Aspirin (Salicylates) to Treat Viral Illness (In Children)
Assessment
Cerebral Edema
Lethargy (Decreased LOC)
Vomiting
Liver Failure
Interventions
Monitor for Increased ICP
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Considerations
No Aspirin for Children
2 mins
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
"-prazole" Suffix
Indications
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Gastritis
Peptic Ulcer
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Mechanism
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
Side Effects
Hip Fracture
Pneumonia
2 mins
Sucralfate (Carafate)
Mechanism
Creates Protective Barrier
Indications
GI Ulcers
Side Effects
Constipation
Considerations
Require Acidic Environment
Give on Empty Stomach
Oral Suspension Available
May Decrease Absorption of Other Meds
2 mins
Alendronate (Fosamax)
Mechanism
Inhibits Osteoclasts
Indications
Osteoporosis
Paget's Disease
Side Effects
Esophageal Ulcers
Musculoskeletal Pain
Vision Changes
Atrial Fibrillation
Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Considerations
Take on Empty Stomach
Remain Upright
2 mins
Osteoporosis Interventions
Increased Calcium Intake
Vitamin D Supplements
Bisphosphonates
Raloxifene
Denosumab
Calcitonin
Teriparatide
Bone Densitometry (DEXA) Scan
Weight Bearing Exercises
2 mins
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
-tidine Suffix
Mechanism
H2 Receptor Blocker
Indications
Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
Side Effects (All)
Pneumonia
Side Effects - Cimetidine
Anti-androgen Effects
CNS Changes
2 mins
Adrenal Gland (Basic)
Characteristics
Adrenal Cortex
RAAS Stimulates Aldosterone
CRF (CRH) acts on Anterior Pituitary Gland to Release ACTH
Cortisol Released
Androgens Released
Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
2 mins
Cushing's Syndrome Assessment
Assessment
Increased Cortisol Levels
Truncal Obesity
Purple Abdominal Striae
Buffalo Hump
Decreased Bone Density
Moon Face
Thinning Skin
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
Considerations
Long Term Glucocorticoid Use
Immunosuppression
2 mins
Addison's Disease Assessment
Assessment
Deficiency of Cortisol and Aldosterone
Irritability
Hyperkalemia
Muscle Weakness
Skin Hyperpigmentation
Hyponatremia
Hypotension
Hypoglycemia
Considerations
Addisonian Crisis
2 mins
Gout Disease
Acute Inflammatory Monoarthritis
Epidemiology
Primarily in Males
Pathophysiology
Precipitation of Monosodium Urate Crystals
Underexcretion of Uric Acid
Overproduction of Uric Acid
Negatively Birefringent, Needle-Shaped
Symptoms
Swollen, Red, Painful Joint
Asymmetric Joint Distribution
Podagra
Tophus
After Large Meal or Alcohol
2 mins
osteoporosis
reverse lost bone mass and redue fracture risk (increase bone density)
treatment and prevention of osteoporosis
Paget's Disease
adverse side effect is musculosketetal pain
Gi upset
risk of esophageal burn
Calcitonin
to treat, not prevent
treatment
Paget's Disease of Bone
stops bone break down by osteoclasts
stops bone breakdown by osteoclasts
Contractions is allergy to salmon
contraindications is allergy to salmon
administer on empty stomach when first wake. sit up for 30 mins and take with water~
assess for hypocalcemia
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