Kimberly Shared "CHEM 107 | CHEMISTRY OF LIFE" - 133 Picmonics
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CHEM 107 | CHEMISTRY OF LIFE
Hydrogen Bonds
- Stronger than London Dispersion Forces
- Stronger than Dipole-Dipole Interactions
- Hydrogen is bound to a Highly Electronegative Atom
- Hydrogen has a Partial Positive Charge
- Electronegative Atom has a Partial Negative Charge
- Partial Positives Interact with Partial Negatives
- Hydrogen Bonds Increase Boiling Point
1 min
Spontaneous vs. Nonspontaneous
- Spontaneous at Low Temperatures
- ΔH is Negative
- ΔS is Negative
- Spontaneous at High Temperatures
- ΔH is Positive
- ΔS is Positive
- Spontaneous at All Temperatures
- ΔH is Negative
- ΔS is Positive
- Nonspontaneous at All Temperatures
- ΔH is Positive
- ΔS is Negative
2 mins
Gibbs Free Energy
- ΔG = ΔH-TΔS
- If ΔG is Negative, the reaction is Spontaneous
- If ΔG is 0, the reaction is at Equilibrium
- If ΔG is Positive, the reaction is Nonspontaneous
58 secs
Biological classification
- Life
- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
41 secs
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
- Constant Allele and Genotype frequencies with no evolutionary forces
- Conditions for Equilibrium
- No selection
- Large population
- No migration
- Random mating
- No net mutations
55 secs
Cell Components
- Cell membrane separates inside and outside
- Nucleus stores DNA
- Rough ER has ribosomes making proteins
- Vesicles transport proteins to Golgi complex and out of the cell
- Golgi complex packages and transports molecules
- In animals, mitochondria produce ATP
- In plants chloroplasts create carbohydrates
- In Plants Mitochondria Consume Carbohydrates to Make ATP
- Smooth ER synthesizes lipids
- Lysosomes are used for recycling and apoptosis
- Vacuoles are used for storing waste and toxins
- Ribosomes produce protein
2 mins
Eye
- Characteristics
- Sclera
- Cornea
- Iris
- Lens
- Ciliary Muscles
- Optic Nerve
- Rods
- Cones
- Retina
1 min
Scientific Method
- Observation
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
- Hypothesis Rejected
2 mins
First Law of Thermodynamics
- Closed System
- Dynamics
- Energy
1 min
Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Entropy
- Energy
2 mins
Third Law of Thermodynamics
- Crystal, Third Law
- Entropy
2 mins
Prokaryotes
- Capsule Shaped Cell
- DNA stored in rings
- Flagella
- No nucleus and sometimes photosynthetic (solar powered)
- Cytoskeleton
- Ribosome
- Plasma Membrane
2 mins
Eukaryote
- Nucleus
- Lysosomes and Peroxisomes
- Cytoskeleton
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondria
- Plasma membrane
- Eukaryote's general shape
- Nuclear envelope (membrane)
2 mins
Plant Cell
- Eukaryotes
- Central vacuole
- Sunlight
- Green Chlorophyll
- Plasma Membrane
- Cell Walls
2 mins
Plasma Membrane
- Extracellular
- Glycoprotein and Glycolipids
- Carbohydrate
- Hydrophobic Proteins
- Alpha-Helix Protein
- Globular-protein
- Hydrophilic Protein
2 mins
Nucleus
- DNA
- Chromosomes
- 46 Chromosomes
- Proteins
- Nuclear Envelope Pore
- mRNA
2 mins
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Lumen
- Nucleus
- mRNA
- Nucleotide
- Translation
- Codons
- tRNA
- Attached Ribosome
- Golgi Apparatus
2 mins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Lipid Processing
- Golgi Apparatus
- mRNA
- Fat
- Detoxify
- Steroids
- Lipids
2 mins
Golgi Apparatus
- Golgi Body
- Flattened Membranes
- Cis Face
- Trans face
- Golgi Apparatus
- Exiting the Cell
- Antibodies
- Neurotransmitters
- Secretory
- Lysosomes
- Cellular Waste
2 mins
Lysosomes
- Hydrolytic
- Cellular Waste
- Programmed Cell Death
- Invasive Organisms
- Lipids
- Carbohydrates
- Cytoplasm
- Tay-Sachs Disease
- Build Up of Toxic Fat
2 mins
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