Katie Shared "Pharmacology Test II" - 33 Picmonics
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Pharmacology Test II
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Overview
- Indications
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Mechanism of Action
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
- Drugs
- Paroxetine
- Sertraline
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Side Effects
- Sexual Dysfunction
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Treat with Cyproheptadine
2 mins
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reuptake of Serotonin
- Indications
- Depression
- Side Effects
- Sexual Dysfunction
- CNS Stimulation
- Weight Changes
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Contraindications
- No MAO-Is
- No Anticoagulants / Antiplatelets
- Considerations
- Suicide Risk
- Delayed Onset of Action
2 mins
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Indications
- Depression
- Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
- Duloxetine
- Panic and Anxiety
- Venlafaxine
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reuptake of Serotonin and NE
- Side Effects
- Hypertension
- Insomnia
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Decreased Libido
1 min
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reuptake of Norepinephrine and Serotonin
- Indications
- Depression
- Bipolar Disorder
- Fibromyalgia
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Cardiac Toxicity
- Considerations
- Delayed Effect
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Indications
- Indications
- Major Depression
- Bedwetting
- Fibromyalgia
- OCD
- Drugs
- -Iptyline or -Ipramine Suffix
- Amitriptyline
- Desipramine
- Clomipramine
- Imipramine
- Nortriptyline
2 mins
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO-Is)
- Indications
- Atypical Depression
- Mechanism of Action
- Increase Levels of Amine Neurotransmitters
- Drugs
- "Takes Pride In Shanghai"
- Tranylcypromine
- Phenelzine
- Isocarboxazid
- Selegiline
1 min
CNS Stimulants
- Indications
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Obesity
- Mechanism of Action
- Increase Catecholamines at Synaptic Cleft
- Increase Norepinephrine
- Increase Dopamine
- Drug Names
- Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
- Methamphetamine
- Side Effect
- Potential for Abuse
57 secs
Insulin
- Rapid Acting
- Insulin Lispro (Humalog)
- Insulin Aspart (Novolog)
- Insulin Glulisine (Apidra)
- Short Acting
- Regular Insulin (Humulin R)
- Intermediate Acting
- Isophane NPH (Humulin N)
- Long Acting
- Detemir (Levemir)
- Glargine (Lantus)
2 mins
Metformin (Glucophage)
- Mechanism
- Decrease Glucose Production
- Increase Insulin Sensitivity
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Decreased Appetite
- Lactic Acidosis
- Considerations
- IV Contrast
- Limit Alcohol Consumption
2 mins
Glyburide and Glipizide (2nd Generation Sulfonylureas)
- Mechanisms
- 2nd Generation Sulfonylureas
- Blocks Potassium Channels in Beta Cells
- Stimulate Release of Insulin
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Side Effects
- Hypoglycemia
- Considerations
- More Potent
- Beta Blockers Reduce Effects
- Avoid Alcohol
- Avoid Breastfeeding
2 mins
Pioglitazone (Thiazolidinediones)
- -glitazones Suffix
- Mechanism
- Binds PPAR-Gamma
- Decreases Insulin Resistance
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Side Effects
- Weight Gain
- Heart Failure
- Myalgia
- Hypoglycemia
- Upper Respiratory Infection
- Considerations
- Increased Risk of Bladder Cancer
- Increased Fracture Risk in Women
- Monitor Liver Enzymes
2 mins
Acarbose (Precose) and Miglitol (Glyset) (Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors)
- Mechanisms
- Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
- Delays Absorption of Carbohydrates
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Side Effects
- Flatulence
- Diarrhea
- Anemia
- Cramps
- Considerations
- Monitor LFTs
- Oral Glucose for Hypoglycemia
2 mins
Repaglinide and Nateglinide (Meglitinides)
- Mechanisms
- Meglitinides
- Increased Insulin Release
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Side Effect
- Hypoglycemia
- Considerations
- Eat Within 30 Minutes
- Gemfibrozil Increases Risk of Hypoglycemia
- Short Half-Life
2 mins
Sitagliptin (Januvia) and Saxagliptin (Onglyza) (DPP-4 Inhibitors)
- -gliptin Suffix
- Mechanisms
- DPP-4 Inhibitor
- Increases Insulin Release
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Side Effects
- Pancreatitis
- Upper Respiratory Infection and Inflammation
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Considerations
- Used as Add-on Agents
2 mins
Exenatide (Byetta)
- Mechanism
- Incretin Mimetic
- GLP-1 Synthetic Analog
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Side Effects
- Hypoglycemia
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Thyroid Cancer
- Pancreatitis
- Renal Failure
- Considerations
- (Give Exenatide) One Hour After Other Medications
- Adjunct Therapy
3 mins
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
- Mechanism
- Synthetic T4
- Indications
- Hypothyroidism
- Side Effects
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Tremors
- Heat Intolerance
- Insomnia
- Tachycardia
- Considerations
- Do Not Use for Obesity
- TSH Monitoring
2 mins
Propylthiouracil (PTU) and Methimazole (MMI)
- Indications
- Hyperthyroidism
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Thyroid Peroxidase
- PTU Blocks Peripheral Conversion of T4 to T3
- Side Effects
- Agranulocytosis
- Skin Rash
- Hepatotoxicity (PTU)
- Teratogen (MMI)
1 min
Loop Diuretics
- Mechanism of Action
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-
- Sulfa Drug
- Drug Names
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Side Effects
- Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection
- Gout
- Dehydration
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
2 mins
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Cardiovascular Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Cardiac Myocytes and Vasculature
- Decrease cAMP
- Decreases SA and AV Node Conduction Velocity
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Decrease O2 Consumption
- Decreases Mortality Post-MI
2 mins
