SJ Shared "NUR 402 Exam 2" - 35 Picmonics
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NUR 402 Exam 2
Parts of an ECG
- PQRST
- P Wave
- Atrial Depolarization
- QRS Complex
- Ventricular Depolarization
- T Wave
- Ventricular Repolarization
2 mins
ECG Interpretation
- Rate
- Rhythm
- P Waves
- Upright, Rounded, Before Every QRS
- PR Interval (< 0.20 seconds)
- Normal QRS (< 0.12 seconds)
2 mins
ECG: Sinus Bradycardia
- Rate
- < 60 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Atropine
1 min
ECG: Sinus Tachycardia
- Rate
- > 100 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Treat Underlying Cause
2 mins
ECG: Atrial Flutter
- Rate
- Variable
- Rhythm
- Regular or Irregular
- P Wave
- Saw Tooth, Multiple Before Every QRS
- PR Interval
- Non-measurable
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
2 mins
ECG: Atrial Fibrillation
- Rate
- Variable Rate
- Rhythm
- Irregular Rhythm
- P Wave
- No P Wave
- PR Interval
- No PR Interval
- QRS Interval
- QRS < 0.12 Seconds
1 min
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Troponin
- Measures
- Cardiac Muscle Injury
- Time Ranges
- Detection in Blood: 4 Hours
- Peak: 24 - 36 Hours
- Return to Normal: 5 - 14 Days
- Considerations
- Most Specific for Cardiac Muscle
- Treat Aggressively
2 mins
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mechanisms
- Pathophysiology
- 2/3 Autosomal-Dominant
- 1/3 Sporadic Type
- Mutation in Gene for Sarcomere Protein
- Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C
- Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy
- Outflow Tract Obstruction
- Diastolic Dysfunction
2 mins
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Signs, Symptoms and Treatment
- Signs and Symptoms
- Sudden Death Of Young Athlete
- Heart Failure
- Angina
- Arrhythmias
- Syncope
- Harsh Systolic Ejection Murmur
- S4 Heart Sound
- Treatment
- Beta Blocker
- Non-dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker
2 mins
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
- Mechanism
- Atherosclerosis
- Assessment
- Intermittent Claudication
- Pain with Exercise
- Paresthesias
- Arterial Ulcers
- Critical Limb Ischemia
- Amputation
- Consideration
- Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
2 mins
Arterial Ulcer Assessment
- Absent or Decreased Pulses
- Intermittent Claudication
- Sharp Pain
- Dependent Rubor
- Well Defined Edges
- Over Bony Areas
- Smooth, Shiny Skin
- Toes, Heels, Lateral Lower Legs
- Cool
2 mins
Arterial Ulcer Interventions
- Saline Dressing
- Structured Exercise Programs
- Fibrinolytics
- Antiplatelet Medication
- No Caffeine, Nicotine
- Surgery
1 min
Stable Angina
- Assessment
- Chest Pain with Exertion
- Relieved within 15 Minutes
- ST Depression
- Interventions
- Nitroglycerin
- Up to 3 Doses q 5 Minutes
- Rest
- Antiplatelet Medication
- CABG
- Angioplasty
2 mins
Unstable Angina
- Assessment
- Chest Pain with Rest or Exertion
- Limits ADLs
- > 15 Minutes
- Less Likely Relieved by Nitroglycerin
- ST Depression
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Treatment
- Emergency Treatment
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Assessment
- Assessment
- Substernal Chest Pain
- Crushing or Dull Sensation
- Arm, Jaw, and Neck
- > 20 Minutes
- Unrelieved by Nitro
- Palpitations
- Diaphoresis
- Fear of Impending Doom
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Shortness of Breath
- Considerations
- Monitor for Arrhythmias
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis
- Diagnosis
- 12 Lead ECG
- ST Elevation
- Q Wave
- T Wave Inversion
- Troponin T and I
- CK-MB
- Considerations
- Early ECG
- Cardiac Stress Test
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Interventions
- MONA
- Morphine
- Oxygen
- Nitrates
- Aspirin
- Thrombolytics (tPA)
- Invasive Procedures
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Stent Placement
- Angioplasty
- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
- Considerations
- Decrease Modifiable Risk Factors
- Resuming Activity (Physical, Sexual)
2 mins
Cardiac Catheterization
- Considerations
- Fluttering Sensation
- Contrast Media
- NPO 6-12 Hours
- After Procedure
- Bed Rest
- Assess Circulation
- Assess for Bleeding
- Monitor Vital Signs
2 mins
Evolution of Myocardial Infarction and Complications
- Hours to Days
- Arrhythmia
- Before 7 Days
- Fibrinous Pericarditis
- Papillary Muscle Rupture
- Interventricular Septum Rupture
- Before 14 Days
- Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm
- Ventricular Free Wall Rupture
- After 14 Days
- True Ventricular Aneurysm
- Dressler Syndrome
- Other
- Left Ventricular Failure
2 mins
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Beta Blockers
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
2 mins
