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Adriana Shared "Micro FINAL" - 44 Picmonics

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Micro FINAL

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Herpesvirus 5
Diagnosis
Non Heterophile Antibodies
Owl's eye inclusions
Signs and Symptoms
Congenital TORCH infection
Mononucleosis
Pneumonia
AIDS retinitis and esophagitis
Infection in transplant recipients
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2 mins
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Nonspecific TORCH symptoms
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (Retardation)
Deafness
Microcephaly
Seizures
Periventricular Calcifications
Petechial Rash
Blueberry Muffin Rash
Chorioretinitis
Diagnosis
Urine Viral Culture or PCR
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2 mins
Rubella
Characteristics
RNA Virus
Matonaviridae
Enveloped
Icosahedral
SS Positive Linear
Signs and Symptoms
German Measles or Three-Day Measles
Fever
Postauricular Tenderness
Lymphadenopathy
Truncal Rash
Arthritis
Congenital TORCH Infection
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2 mins
Rubella TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Nonspecific TORCH Symptoms
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Pulmonary Artery Hypoplasia
Cataracts
Deafness
Blueberry Muffin Rash
Glaucoma
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1 min
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Linear
Signs and Symptoms
Type 1 HSV
Gingivostomatitis
Keratoconjunctivitis
Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
Type 2 HSV
Genital Vesicles
Neonatal Herpes
TORCHES
Latent in Sacral Ganglia
Diagnosis
Tzanck Test
Multinucleated Giant Cells
Cowdry A Inclusions
Treatment
Acyclovir
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2 mins
Rabies Virus
Characteristics
Enveloped
RNA Virus
SS Negative Linear
Helical
Bullet-Shaped Envelope
Binds to Acetylcholine Receptor
Retrograde Fashion
Migrates to Saliva
Diagnosis
Negri Bodies
Cytoplasmic Inclusions in Neurons
Purkinje Cells of Cerebellum
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2 mins
Rabies Symptoms and Animals
Characteristics
Bats, Skunks, and Raccoons (Inside United States)
Dog Bites (Outside United States)
Fever
Agitation
Paralysis
Hydrophobia
Photophobia
Considerations
Fatal If Not Treated
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1 min
Taenia Solium
Pathophysiology
Cestode (Tapeworm)
Taeniasis
Ingestion of Larvae in Undercooked Pork
Asymptomatic, in Bowels
Cysticercosis
Ingestion of Cestode Eggs
Skin, CNS and Muscles
Treatment
Albendazole
Praziquantel
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1 min
Cryptosporidium
Characteristics
Protozoa
Ingestion of Oocysts in Food or Water
Acid Fast Cysts
Signs and Symptoms
Outbreaks of Diarrhea from Contaminated Water Supply
Mild Disease in Non-immunocompromised
Severe Diarrhea in AIDS
Treatment
Nitazoxanide for Immunocompetent
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2 mins
Cryptococcus neoformans
Characteristics
Monomorphic
Encapsulated
Polysaccharide Capsule
Narrow-Based Buds
Latex Agglutination
Pigeons
India Ink
Mucicarmine stain
Signs and Symptoms
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Meningitis
Soap Bubble Lesions in Brain
Pneumonia
Treatment
Fluconazole
Flucytosine
Amphotericin
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3 mins
Candida Albicans
Fungi
Yeast with Pseudohyphae at 20 Degrees C
Germ Tube Formation at 37 Degrees C
Pruritic Vaginitis
White Cottage Cheese Discharge
Fiery Red Mucosa
Diabetics
Antibiotic Use
Esophageal Thrush in Immunocompromised
Diaper Rash
Endocarditis in IV Drug Users
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2 mins
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Fungi
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Fever
Hypoxemia
Bronchoalveolar Lavage
Biopsy
Methenamine Silver Stain
Saucer/cup shaped yeast forms
Diffuse interstitial pneumonia CXR
TMP-SMX
Start prophylaxis when CD4 drops under 200
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1 min
Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea versicolor)
Mechanism
Lipid-Dependent Fungus
Fatty Acids Damage Melanocytes
Malassezia Furfur
Hot, Humid Weather
Signs and Symptoms
Hypopigmentation
Hyperpigmented Patches
Diagnosis
Spaghetti and Meatball Appearance on KOH Prep
Fragmented Hyphae with Clusters of Yeast
Treatment
Topical or Oral Antifungals
Selenium Sulfide
Zinc
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4 mins
Syphilis
Characteristics
Treponema pallidum
Spirochete with characteristic motility
Signs and Symptoms
Painless chancre
Condylomata lata
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Rash on palms and soles
Aortitis
Gummas
Neurosyphilis
Argyll Robertson pupils
Vasa vasorum
Tabes dorsalis
Treatment
Penicillin
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
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2 mins
Syphilis TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Nonspecific TORCH Symptoms
Often Results in Stillbirth
Hydrops Fetalis
Saber Shins
Notched Teeth
Saddle Nose
Blindness
Deafness
Hepatitis
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3 mins
Streptococcus agalactiae
Characteristics
Group B Streptococci
Gram-Positive
Cocci
Beta-Hemolytic
Bacitracin-Resistant
Catalase-Negative
Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase (PYR) Negative
Polysaccharide Capsule
Hippurate Positive (+)
Produces CAMP Factor
Enlarges Area of Hemolysis by S. aureus
Disease
Mainly in Babies
Meningitis
Pneumonia
Sepsis
Colonizes Vagina
Treatment
Screen Pregnant Women at 35-37 Weeks
Penicillin
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3 mins
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Characteristics
Characteristics
Gram-Positive
Diplococci
Lancet-Shaped
Catalase-Negative
Optochin-Sensitive
Bile Soluble
Alpha-Hemolytic
Polysaccharide Capsule
Positive Quellung Reaction
IgA Protease
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1 min
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Disease
Signs and Symptoms
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sepsis in Patients with Splenectomy
Rusty Sputum
MOPS
Meningitis
Otitis Media
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
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2 mins
Streptococcus viridans
Characteristics
Gram-Positive
Cocci
Catalase-Negative
Alpha-Hemolytic
Optochin-Resistant
Not Bile Soluble
Normal Flora of Oropharynx
Synthesize Dextrans from Sucrose
Disease
Dental Caries
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
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2 mins
Staphylococcus aureus Characteristics
Characteristics
Gram-Positive
Cocci
Catalase-Positive
Coagulase-Positive
Beta-Hemolytic
Protein A Virulence Factor
Inhibits Phagocytosis
MRSA
Resistant to Beta Lactams Due to Altered Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs)
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2 mins

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