Melissa Shared "exam 1" - 38 Picmonics
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exam 1
Endocarditis Assessment
- Infection of Inner Layer and Valves
- Assessment
- Fever
- Fatigue
- New or Changed Murmurs
- Roth's Spots
- Splinter Hemorrhages
- Janeway Lesions
- Osler's Nodes
- Considerations
- Heart Failure
- Embolization
2 mins
Endocarditis Interventions
- Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
- 4-6 Weeks
- Anticoagulants
- Good Hygiene
- Considerations
- Closely Monitor
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- Dental Procedures
- Invasive Procedures
1 min
Cardiac Tamponade
- Mechanism
- Fluid in the Pericardial Sac
- Pericarditis
- Decreased Cardiac Output
- Signs/Symptoms
- Beck's Triad
- Hypotension
- Jugular Venous Distention (JVD)
- Distant Heart Sounds
- Pulsus Paradoxus
- Electrical Alternans
- Treatment
- Pericardiocentesis
1 min
Acute Pericarditis Causes
- Idiopathic
- Infection
- Trauma
- Cardiac
- Myocardial Infarction
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Uremia
- Tumor
- Radiation
2 mins
Acute Pericarditis Assessment
- Pericardial Sac Inflammation
- Assessment
- Sharp Chest Pain
- Increased with Inspiration
- Pain Decreased by Leaning Forward
- Pericardial Friction Rub
- Diffuse ST-Elevation
- T Wave Inversion
- Fever
- Considerations
- May Be Asymptomatic
- Cardiac Tamponade
2 mins
Acute Pericarditis Interventions
- Interventions
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Antibiotics
- Colchicine + NSAIDs
- Corticosteroids
- Place Patient Upright with Head of Bed at 45°
- Pericardiocentesis
- Pericardial Window
2 mins
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Signs, Symptoms and Treatment
- Signs and Symptoms
- Sudden Death Of Young Athlete
- Heart Failure
- Angina
- Arrhythmias
- Syncope
- Harsh Systolic Ejection Murmur
- S4 Heart Sound
- Treatment
- Beta Blocker
- Non-dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker
2 mins
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mechanisms
- Pathophysiology
- 2/3 Autosomal-Dominant
- 1/3 Sporadic Type
- Mutation in Gene for Sarcomere Protein
- Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C
- Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy
- Outflow Tract Obstruction
- Diastolic Dysfunction
2 mins
Aortic Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Age-related Calcifications
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Crescendo-decrescendo Murmur
- Systolic Murmur
- Ejection Murmur
- Ejection Click
- Radiates to Carotids and Apex
- Pulsus Parvus et Tardus
- Syncope
- Helmet Cells
2 mins
Mitral Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Murmur Follows Opening Snap
- Late Diastolic Murmur
- Enhanced by Expiration
- Low-Pitched Rumbling
- Dilation of Left Atrium (LA)
- Recurrent Attacks of Rheumatic Fever
2 mins
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
- Indications
- ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)
- Cardiovascular Disease (CAD)
- Uncontrolled Angina
- Considerations
- Internal Mammary Artery
- Saphenous (Leg) Vein
- Transient Limb Edema
- Closely Monitor Patients
- Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
- Incentive Spirometer
2 mins
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Atherosclerosis
- Assessment
- Bruit
- Pulsation in Abdomen
- Abdominal or Lower Back Pain
- Tearing Pain
- Diagnosis
- Ultrasound
- Considerations
- Rupture
- Shock
- Surgical Repair
1 min
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Heart Failure Interventions
- Diagnostic Tests
- Echocardiogram
- Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
- Improve Gas Exchange
- High Fowler's Position
- Oxygen
- Advanced Airway
- Drugs and Devices
- Diuretics
- Beta Blockers
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- ACE Inhibitors
- Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Pacemaker
2 mins
Types of Heart Failure
- Left Sided
- Pulmonary Congestion
- Right Sided
- Peripheral Edema
- High Output
- Unable to Meet Metabolic Needs
1 min
ECG: Atrial Fibrillation
- Rate
- Variable Rate
- Rhythm
- Irregular Rhythm
- P Wave
- No P Wave
- PR Interval
- No PR Interval
- QRS Interval
- QRS < 0.12 Seconds
1 min
ECG Interpretation
- Rate
- Rhythm
- P Waves
- Upright, Rounded, Before Every QRS
- PR Interval (< 0.20 seconds)
- Normal QRS (< 0.12 seconds)
2 mins
ECG: Atrial Flutter
- Rate
- Variable
- Rhythm
- Regular or Irregular
- P Wave
- Saw Tooth, Multiple Before Every QRS
- PR Interval
- Non-measurable
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
2 mins
ECG: Sinus Bradycardia
- Rate
- < 60 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Atropine
1 min
ECG: Sinus Tachycardia
- Rate
- > 100 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Treat Underlying Cause
2 mins
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