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Jonathan Shared "Neuro" - 39 Picmonics

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Neuro

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Procedure
Internal Body Images
Detects Variations of Soft Tissues
Considerations
No Metal Objects
No Pacemakers
Contrast is Non-Iodine
Safe During Pregnancy
Long Procedure
Antianxiety Medications
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2 mins
Autonomic Nervous System
Characteristics
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or Flight
All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest and Digest
Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
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2 mins
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Characteristics
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Medulla Oblongata
Cerebellum
Pons
Spinal Cord
Dorsal Root Ganglia
Grey Matter
White Matter
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2 mins
Spinothalamic Tracts
Ascending Pathway (Sensory)
Lateral
Temperature
Pain
Anterior
Crude Touch
Pressure
Decussates at Anterior White Commisure
Lesion
Contralateral Anesthesia
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2 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
Change in LOC
Headache
Cushings Triad
Irregular Respirations
Widening Pulse Pressure
Bradycardia
Projectile Vomiting
Abnormal Pupils
Papilledema
Posturing
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2 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
Interventions
Elevate Head Of Bed
Foley Catheter
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
High Dose Barbiturates
Passive Hyperventilation
Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection)
Considerations
Neuro Assessment
Maintain Normal Temperature
Avoid Activities That Increase ICP
Intracranial Monitoring System
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2 mins
Seizure Interventions
Maintain Airway
Side-lying Position
Support Head
Move to Floor
Benzodiazepines
Considerations
Never Restrain
No Objects in Mouth
Document Details
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2 mins
Seizure Precautions
Reduce Environmental Stimuli
Identify Triggers
Aura
Pad Side Rails
Bed Lowest Position
Oxygen and Suction Available
Consideration
Monitor Therapeutic Drug Levels
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2 mins
Types of Seizures
Tonic-Clonic
Tonic
Clonic
Absence (Petit Mal)
Myoclonic
Atonic
Partial (Focal) Seizure
Focal Aware (Formerly Called Simple Partial)
Focal Impaired Awareness (Formerly Called Complex Partial)
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3 mins
Norepinephrine (Levophed)
Mechanism of Action
Alpha Agonist
Beta-1 Agonist
Indications
Severe Hypotension
Side Effect
Decreases Renal Blood Flow
Arrhythmias
Hypertension
Considerations
Tissue Necrosis
Last Resort Medication
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2 mins
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Mechanism
Osmotic Diuresis
Indications
Reducing Intracranial Pressure
Reducing Intraocular Pressure
Renal Failure Prophylaxis
Side Effects
Edema
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
Considerations
Avoid Use in Cardiac Patients
IV Administration
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2 mins
Left Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
Side to Side Discrimination
Aphasia
Agraphia
Slow Performance
Aware of Deficits
Anxiety
Depression
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2 mins
Right Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
Poor Proprioception
Disoriented to Person, Place, Time
Can't Recognize Faces (Prosopagnosia)
Loss of Judgement and Awareness
Impulsiveness
Personality Changes
Tonal Hearing Loss
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2 mins
Types of Strokes
Warning Signs
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
Types
Ischemic
Thrombotic
Atherosclerosis
Embolic
Atrial Fibrillation
Hemorrhagic
Severe Hypertension
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3 mins
Glasgow Coma Scale
LOC Assessment
Score of 3 to 15
8 or Less = Coma
Eye Opening
Verbal Response
Motor Response
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1 min
Level of Consciousness: Descriptive guide for Glasgow Coma Scale
Conscious
Confused
Delirious
Somnolent
Obtunded
Stuporous
Comatose
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3 mins
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Injury Above T6
Assessment
Paroxysmal Hypertension
Bradycardia
Diaphoresis
Flushing Above Lesion
Piloerection
Nasal Congestion
Headache
Interventions
Elevate Head of Bed
Remove Noxious Stimuli
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2 mins
Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
Assessment
Change in LOC
Personality Changes
Amnesia
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Diplopia
Posturing
Location of Injury
Basilar Skull Fracture
Halo or Ring Sign
Considerations
Intracranial Bleeding
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2 mins
Types of Head Injuries
Open Head Injury
Linear Fracture
Comminuted Fracture
Depressed Fracture
Open Fracture
Basilar Skull Fracture
Closed Head Injury
Coup and Contrecoup
Brain Contusion
Concussion
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2 mins
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
Assessment
Ascending Paralysis
Muscle Weakness
Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
Diplopia
Difficulty Speaking
Dysphagia
Labile Blood Pressure
Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
Considerations
Aggressive Airway Management
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2 mins

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