Chris Shared "A and D" - 32 Picmonics
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A and D
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
- Both B and T Cell Deficiency
- Recurrent Viral, Bacterial, Fungal, Protozoal Infections
- Defective Interleukin (IL) 2 Receptor
- X-Linked
- Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency
- Failure to Synthesize MHC II Antigens
- Treat with Bone Marrow Transplant
2 mins
Bruton's Agammaglobulinemia
- Pathophysiology
- X-linked Recessive
- Defective Bruton Tyrosine Kinase
- Blocks B Cell Maturation
- Signs & Symptoms
- Decreased Immunoglobulins of All Classes
- Bacterial Infections After Six Months
- Maternal IgG Protects Before Six Months
2 mins
Thymic Aplasia (DiGeorge Syndrome)
- Pathophysiology
- DiGeorge Syndrome
- 22q11 Deletion
- Failure to Develop Third and Fourth Pharyngeal Pouches
- Signs and Symptoms
- Undeveloped Thymus
- T Cell Deficiency
- Recurrent Viral and Fungal Infections
- Undeveloped Parathyroids
- Hypocalcemia
- Tetany
- Aortic Defects
- Congenital Heart Defects
- Diagnosis
- Absent Thymic Shadow on CXR
2 mins
Hyper IgM Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Deficient CD40 Ligand on Helper T-cells
- Defective CD40 Receptor on B-cells
- Inability to Class Switch
- Signs and Symptoms
- Pyogenic Abscess
- Decreased IgG, IgA, IgE
4 mins
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Defect in B Cell Maturation
- Decreased Plasma Cells
- Decreased Immunoglobulins
- Signs & Symptoms
- Sinopulmonary Infections
- Increased Risk of Autoimmune Disease
- Lymphoma
1 min
Innate Immunity Barriers
- Skin Protects Against Pathogens
- Normal Flora Outcompete Pathogens
- Lysozyme in Saliva, Tears, and Mucus
- Mucous Traps Pathogens
- Cilia Remove Mucus
- Acid and Digestive Enzymes in the Stomach Kill Pathogens
2 mins
Innate Immunity Cellular Response
- Characteristics
- Natural Killer Lymphocytes Attack Abnormal Cells
- Neutrophils in Blood
- Infected Cells Release Interferon
- Complement Proteins Lyse Pathogens/Infected Cells
- Dendritic Cells in Tissue
- Macrophages in Tissue
2 mins
Cell-mediated Adaptive Immune Response
- Characteristics
- Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Present Antigens
- T Cell Develops Antigen Specificity
- Regulatory T Cells Suppress Response
- Memory T Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
- Cytotoxic T Cells Lyse Infected Cells
- Infected Cells Present Antigen On Surface
2 mins
Immune System Tissues
- Characteristics
- Bone Marrow
- B Cells and T Cells Formed
- B Cells Mature
- Thymus
- T Cells Tested For Self-Response
- T Cells Mature
- Lymph Nodes
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Lymph For Pathogens
- Spleen
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Blood For Pathogens
1 min
Humoral Adaptive Immunity
- Characteristics
- B Cell Binds Free Floating Antigen
- B Cell Presents Antigen to Helper T Cell
- Helper T Cells Help B Cells Develop Antigen Specificity
- Plasma B Cells Secrete Antibodies
- Memory B Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
2 mins
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Treatment
- Epinephrine
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Mechanism
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Testing
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
1 min
Anti-glomerular Basement Membrane Antibodies
- Glomerulonephritis
- Goodpasture's Disease
- Linear immunofluorescence
- Hemoptysis
- Hematuria
1 min
Myasthenia Gravis
- Mechanism
- Antibodies to Acetylcholine Receptor
- Symptoms
- Ptosis
- Diplopia
- Weakness with Muscle Use
- Respiratory Death
- Thymus Associated
- Treatment
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Plasmapheresis
- Thymectomy
1 min
Graves' Disease Characteristics
- Women 20-40 years old
- Pathophysiology
- Anti-TSH Receptor Antibodies
- Symptoms
- Ophthalmopathy
- Exophthalmos
- Hyperthyroidism
- Goiter
- Pretibial Myxedema
1 min
Graves' Disease Labs and Treatment
- Labs
- Decreased TSH
- Increased T3
- Increased T4
- Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
- Treatment
- Beta blocker
- Methimazole
- Radioiodine Ablation
1 min
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Mechanism, Treatment and Complications
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease
- 9:1 female to male ratio
- Treatment
- Glucocorticoids
- NSAIDS
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Cyclophosphamide
- Complications
- Lupus nephritis
- Libman-Sacks Endocarditis
- Secondary Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- Other
- Drug-induced lupus
2 mins
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Examples
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Examples
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
1 min
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosis and Clinical Features
- IM DAMN SHARP acronym
- Immunoglobulins
- Malar rash
- Discoid rash
- Antinuclear antibody
- Mucositis
- Neurologic disorders
- Serositis
- Hematologic disorders
- Arthritis
- Renal disorders
- Photosensitivity
2 mins
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