Wayne Shared "My Picmonics" - 11 Picmonics
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My Picmonics
3-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (3BHSD) Deficiency
- Low Aldosterone
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypotension
- Neonatal Hypoglycemia
- Low cortisol
- Low sex hormones
- Hyponatremia
- Ambiguous genitalia
- No 17-hydroxyprogesterone
1 min
allergic rhinitis
- Glucocorticoid nasal sprays
- Oral antihistamines
- Cromolyn
- Montelukast
- Nasal Decongestants - Phenylephrine Pseudoephedrine
- Glucocorticoid side effects - Local irritation of the nasal mucosa, Nosebleed, Nasal septal perforation, Nasopharyngeal candidiasis
3 mins
Baltimore Classification of Viruses
- Group I
- Enveloped
- DNA +/-
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Adenoviruses
- Papillomavirus
- Poxvirus
- Group II
- ssDNA
- Parvovirus
- Anellovirus
- Bocavirus
- GROUP III
- dsRNA +/-
- Reovirus
- rotavirus
- GROUP IV
- Picornavirus
- ssRNA +
- Poliovirus
- Togavirus
- Hepatitis A and C
- Rhinovirus
- Foot and mouth disease virus
- Group V
- ssRNA -
- Rhabdovirus
- Influenza Virus
- Paramyxovirus
- Bunyavirus
- GROUP VI
- reverse ssRNA +
- HIV
- GROUP VII
- reverse partial dsDNA
- Hepititis B
3 mins
COVID 19 symptoms (SARS-COV-2)
- Transmissible through close contact
- SARS-CoV2 is COVID 19
- Early Symptoms
- Fever
- Cough
- Dyspnea
- Happy or silent hypoxia
- Anosmia
- Diarrhea and Nausea
- Abdominal Pain
- Muscle ache
- Sore Throat
- 2-14 day incubation time
- Medical Complications
- ARDS
- Septic Shock
- respiratory failure
- Cardiomyopathy
- Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
- organ failure
- Atypical pneumonia
- enveloped ss(+)RNA
- IgG indicates active infection and IgM past infection
- hemagglutinate positive
- replicating in CD4+ T cells, cardiac, hepatic, renal tissue, leads to cytokine storm
3 mins
Fasting liver metabolism
- Inhibited reactions
- Glycogen synthesis is inhibited
- Glycolysis is inhibited
- Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited
- TCA cycle
- B-oxidation
- Fatty acid synthesis is inhibited
- Cholesterol synthesis is inhibited
- ACTIVATED REACTIONS
- glycogen degradation
- Gluconeogenesis
- Carnitine shuttle
- Ketone body synthesis
2 mins
Glycolysis regulation
- bifunctional enzyme is the same as phosphofructokinase-2 and Fructose bisphosphatase-2
- Gluconeogenesis
- Glycolysis
- Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
- Fructose- 2,6 biphosphate
- Fructose-6-phosphate
- Fasting State
- Fed State
- fructose biphosphatase-1
- insulin
- Glucagon
Intraperitoneal vs retroperitoneal
- Retroperitoneal
- Primarily
- Kidney
- Ureters
- Inferior Vena Cava
- Aorta
- Secondarily
- Duodenum 2nd, 3rd & 4th part
- Pancreas
- Ascending Colon
- Descending Colon
- Rectum
- Intraperitoneal
- Stomach
- Liver
- 1st part of Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Spleen
- Transverse and Sigmoid colon
- Cecum
- Appendix
- adventitia
46 secs
Limbic System
- Anatomy
- Hippocampus
- Cingulate gyrus
- Fornix
- Corpus Callosum
- Mammillary Bodies
- Anterior thalamic nuclei
- Entorhinal cortex
- Amygdalae
- Physiology
- Famous 5 F's
52 secs
nephrosclerosis
- sclerosis of renal arterioles and small arteries; it is strongly associated with hypertension
- Ischemic injury to glomerulus, tubules and interstitium over a period of time
- Malignant Nephrosclerosis due to hypertensive emergency >200mmHg leads to renal lesions and end organ damage
- Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis (onionskin lesion) on histology
- Labs show Slowly progressive elevation in serum Creatinine, Mild proteinuria (1 g/day), No microscopic hematuria, Few progressing to ESRD for benign nephrosclerosis
- Lab values for malignant nephrosclerosis - hematuria, proteinuria, creatinine, Fibrinoid
necrosis and intravascular thrombosis
Pharmacogenetics
- N acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) Polymorphism
- sulfamethazine (Sulmet), the antituberculosis drug isoniazid (Rifamate), dapsone (Dapsone) Hydralazine and procainamide can be Slow acetylators homozygous
for an autosomal recessive allele of the
enzyme, with lower activity levels which can lead to - Butyrylcholinesterase Polymorphism
- Butyrylcholinesterase Polymorphisms cause Succinylcholine to not be metabolized effectively at the synapse which causes flaccid paralysis
- CYP2D6 Polymorphism
- poor, extensive and ultra metabolizers depend on the number of copies of the CYP2D6 gene
- CYP2D6 metabolizes codeine, morphine, metoprolol, haloperidol, fluoxetine, imipramine, & desipramine, etc.
- Thiopurine S methyltransferase Polymorphism
- 6-mercaptopurine anticancer drug is metabolized by thiopurine S methyltransferase
- CYP2C9 polymorphisms can alter warfarin metabolism
- Malignant hyperthermia results from defect in the ryanodine receptor gene RYR1
4 mins
Streptococcus sanguinis
- Tooth and Oral cavity
- Causes infective endocarditis
- Gram-positive cocci
- Coagulase negative
- Catalase Negative
- facultative anaerobe
- alpha hemolytic
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