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Niria Shared "MCH Module 3" - 24 Picmonics

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MCH Module 3

Varicose Veins Assessment
Cause
Increased Venous Pressure
Incompetent Valves
Assessment
Telangiectasias
Small Reticular Veins
Dilated and Tortuous Veins
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1 min
WBC Differential Lab Value
White Blood Cells (WBC)
5-10 (5,000-10,000)
Leukocyte Differential
Neutrophils (50%-70%)
Bands (2%-5%)
Segs (50%-70%)
Lymphocytes (20%-40%)
Monocytes (4%-8%)
Eosinophils (2%-4%)
Basophils (0.5%-1.5%)
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2 mins
Whole Blood Composition
Characteristics
Plasma
Electrolytes And Other Solutes
Proteins
Albumin
Fibrinogen
Globulins
Water
Formed Elements
Buffy Coat
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Platelets
Red Blood Cells (RBC)
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2 mins
Vital Signs - Adult
Temperature (96.8-100.4 Degrees F) (36-38 Degrees C)
Rectal
Tympanic
Oral
Axillary
Temporal
Respiration (12-20)
Oxygen Saturation (95%-100%)
Pulse (60-100)
Blood Pressure (<120/80)
Pain
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2 mins
Fever
Flushed skin, warm to touch
Chills
Sweating
Change in LOC
Provide adequate fluids
Monitor Electrolytes and Fluid
Monitor vital signs, esp temperature
Remove excess clothing and blankets
Sponge bath with tepid water
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2 mins
Clotting Overview
Characteristics
Endothelial Cells are Damaged
Platelets Respond to Exposed Collagen and Stick
Platelets Release Recruiting Factors
More Platelets are Attracted
Soluble Fibrinogen Turns to Insoluble Fibrin
Fibrin Seals the Clot
Clot Dissolves
Liver Produces Clotting Factors
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2 mins
Postpartum Hemorrhage
Mechanism
Uterine Atony
Lacerations
Retained Placenta
Signs and Symptoms
Bleeding
Hypotension
Boggy Uterus
Considerations
Oxytocin
Bimanual Compression of Uterus
Surgery
Blood Transfusion
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2 mins
Postpartum Infection
Diagnosis
Fever > 100.4F After 24 Hours (38 C)
Risk Factors
Multiple Vaginal Examinations
Vaginal Trauma
Prolonged Rupture of Membranes
Cesarean Birth
Anemia of Pregnancy
Retained Placental Fragments
Poor Health Status
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3 mins
Postpartum Nursing Assessment
BUBBLE - LE
Breasts
Uterus
Bladder
Bowels
Lochia
Episiotomy (Laceration)
Lower Extremities
Emotions
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3 mins
RhoGam [Rho(D) Immune Globulin]
Indications
Antepartum Prevention at 28 weeks
Suppress Antibody Production
Mechanism of Action
Lysis of Fetal RBC in Maternal Bloodstream
Side Effects
Myalgia and Lethargy
Considerations
Negative Coombs Test
Standard Dose 300 mcg
Microdose 50 mcg
Blood Product
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2 mins
Care for the Visually Impaired
Assessment
Decreased Visual Acuity
Snellen Chart
Status of Corrective Lenses
Nursing Considerations
Sighted-Guide Technique
Communication
Safe Environment
Medications
Clock Technique for Food
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
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1 min
Care for the Hard of Hearing
Assessment
Normal: 0-15 dB
Rinne's Test
Weber's Test
Tinnitus
Difficulty Following Conversations
Nursing Considerations
Face Patient/Speak Clearly
Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
Repeat Statements Back
Hearing Aids
Sign Language
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2 mins
Innate Immunity Cellular Response
Characteristics
Natural Killer Lymphocytes Attack Abnormal Cells
Neutrophils in Blood
Infected Cells Release Interferon
Complement Proteins Lyse Pathogens/Infected Cells
Dendritic Cells in Tissue
Macrophages in Tissue
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2 mins
Innate Immunity Barriers
Skin Protects Against Pathogens
Normal Flora Outcompete Pathogens
Lysozyme in Saliva, Tears, and Mucus
Mucous Traps Pathogens
Cilia Remove Mucus
Acid and Digestive Enzymes in the Stomach Kill Pathogens
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2 mins
Postnatal Circulation
Infant Breathes
Decreased Pressure in Pulmonary Vasculature
Decreased Right Heart Pressure
Increased Left Atrial Pressure
Closes Foramen Ovale
Increased O2
Decreased Prostaglandins
Closed Ductus Arteriosus
Pharmacologic Intervention of Ductus Arteriosus
Open with Prostaglandins
Closed with Indomethacin
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3 mins
Hypothermia Interventions
Remove From Environment
Remove Wet Clothing
Passive Rewarming
Warm Clothing
Active Rewarming
Heated Blankets
Warm IV Solutions
Heated Oxygen
Warm Gastric Lavage
Considerations
Warm Trunk BEFORE Extremities
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2 mins
Hydrocele
Mechanism
Impaired Lymphatic Drainage
Signs and Symptoms
Large Scrotum
Painless
Considerations
Needle Aspiration or Surgery
Scrotal Support
Monitor for Bleeding and Infection
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1 min
Pain Assessment
Types of Pain
Acute Pain
Chronic Pain
OPQRST Mnemonic
Onset
Provoking or Palliative
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Timing
Nursing Considerations
Subjective Findings
Objective Findings
Reassessment of Pain
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2 mins
APGAR Score
1 and 5 Minutes
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity and Muscle Tone
Respiration
Total Scores
Gentle Stimulation
Oxygen
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2 mins
Eye Medication Administration
Procedure
Supine with Neck Hyperextended
Wash Away Crusts
Cotton Ball on Cheekbone
For Ophthalmic Drops
Instill Drops into Conjunctival Sac
Repeat if Missed or Patient Blinks
5 Minutes Before 2nd Medication
For Ophthalmic Ointment
Thin Stream Along Inner Edge
Inner Canthus to Outer Canthus
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2 mins

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