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PCC Exam 4
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Assessment
Assessment
Men Over 50
Enlarged Prostate Gland
Urinary Retention
Weak Urine Stream
Frequency
Urgency
Nocturia
1 min
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Interventions
Interventions
Timed Voiding
Decreased Caffeine Intake
Catheterization
Medications
Finasteride (Proscar)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Surgical Interventions
TURP Procedure
Open Prostatectomy
Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI)
2 mins
Prostate Cancer Assessment
Most Common Cancer in Men
Assessment
Mimics BPH
Metastasis to Back
Low Back Pain
Fatigue
Considerations
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)
Biopsy
2 mins
Erectile Dysfunction
Cause/Mechanism
Age-Related Changes
Psychological
Medical Conditions
Drug-Induced
Assessment
Sexual Dysfunction (Unable to Maintain Erection)
Interventions
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors
Vacuum Constriction Devices
Intraurethral Devices
Penile Implants
Considerations
Sexual Counseling
2 mins
Testicular Carcinoma Assessment
Cause/Mechanism
Seminoma Germ Cells
Non-Seminoma Germ Cells
Assessment
Painless Scrotal Mass
Testicular Swelling
Acute Pain Rare
Elevated Serum Tumor Markers
Considerations
Males Between 15-35 Years Old
Cryptorchidism
Testicular Self Exam
2 mins
Steroid Hormones
Characteristics
Nuclear Membrane
Long-Lived and Slow-Acting
Cholesterol-Derived
Intracellular Receptors
DNA Transcription
Examples
Testosterone
Aldosterone
Estrogen
Cortisol
2 mins
Testes
Characteristics
FSH Stimulates Sertoli Cells
Inhibin B Release
LH Stimulates Leydig Cells
Leydig Cells Secrete Testosterone
Testosterone Causes Male Development
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Interventions
Avoid Sunlight
Drug Therapy
Glucocorticoids
Methotrexate
NSAIDs
Hydroxychloroquine
Azathioprine
Considerations
Monitor for Renal Failure (ARF)
Manage Pain
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Assessment
Mechanism
Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder
Assessment
Malar Rash
Discoid Rash
Arrhythmias
Arthritis
Hemolytic Anemia
Seizures
Glomerulonephritis
Considerations
Periods of Exacerbation and Remission
Diagnosed by ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody assay)
2 mins
Cushing's Syndrome Assessment
Assessment
Increased Cortisol Levels
Truncal Obesity
Purple Abdominal Striae
Buffalo Hump
Decreased Bone Density
Moon Face
Thinning Skin
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
Considerations
Long Term Glucocorticoid Use
Immunosuppression
2 mins
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
Mechanism
Glucocorticoid
Indications
Inflammatory Conditions
Organ Transplant Rejection
Side Effects
Cataracts and Glaucoma
Cushing's Syndrome
Osteoporosis
Immunosuppression
Hyperglycemia
Ulcers
Considerations
Adrenal Insufficiency
Taper Gradually
2 mins
Pilocarpine (Pilocar)
Mechanism
Direct Cholinergic Agonist
Contracts Iris Sphincter
Contracts Ciliary Muscle
Indications
Xerostomia
Glaucoma
Side Effects
Detached Retina
Decreased Visual Acuity
Eye Irritation
Cholinergic Effects
Considerations
Avoid with Asthma or Bradycardia
2 mins
ABCDEs of Melanoma
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Evolving
1 min
Cancer Warning Signs (CAUTION)
CAUTION
Change in Bowel or Bladder Habits
A Sore That Does Not Heal
Unusual Bleeding or Discharge
Thickening or Lump in the Breast or Elsewhere
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Obvious Change to Warts or Moles
Nagging Cough
1 min
Staphylococcus aureus Disease
Skin Infections
Impetigo
Abscesses
Exfoliative Toxin
Scalded Skin Syndrome
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSST 1)
Binds to MHC II and T Cell Receptor
Food Poisoning
Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
Pneumonia
Osteomyelitis
2 mins
Atopic Dermatitis / Eczema
Presentation
Pruritic Vesicles
Inflammatory Skin Rash
Cheeks in Children
Skin Flexural Areas
Associated with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
Treatment
Tacrolimus
Moisturizers
Corticosteroids
Phototherapy
Avoid Triggers
Antihistamines
2 mins
Vitamin A (Retinol)
Mechanism
Maintains Mucous Membranes
Eyes and Skin
Indications
Dietary Deficiency
Skin Disorders
Side Effects
Hepatosplenomegaly
Jaundice
Increased ICP
Vomiting
Considerations
Teratogen
Animal Food Products
Dark Green and Orange Fruits/Vegetables
2 mins
Scabies
Pathophysiology
Sarcoptes Scabiei Mite
Signs & Symptoms
Pruritus
Papules with Burrows
Webs of Fingers and Toes
Axilla and Nipples
Diagnosis
Skin Scraping
Dermoscopy
Mites and Eggs on Magnification
Treatment
Permethrin Cream
Oral Ivermectin
Lindane Cream
Considerations
Wash All Linens In Hot Water
3 mins
Bacillus Anthracis (Anthrax) Disease
Signs and Symptoms
Cutaneous
Painless Black Eschar (Necrotic Lesion)
Pulmonary
Mediastinal Widening
Rapidly Fatal
Woolsorter's Disease
Gastrointestinal
Consuming Anthrax-infected Meat
2 mins
Macrolides Side Effects
Side Effects
Diarrhea
Prolonged QT Interval
P450 Inhibitor
Cholestatic Hepatitis
Skin Rash
Eosinophilia
3 mins
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