Arwa Shared "Created By Arwa Bohra " - 22 Picmonics
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Created By Arwa Bohra
Essential Thrombocythemia
- Characteristics
- JAK2 Mutation
- Presentation
- Often Asymptomatic
- Thromboembolic Events
- Spontaneous Abortion
- Erythromelalgia
- Gout
- Diagnosis
- Thrombocytosis
- Megakaryocyte Hyperplasia
- Management
- Aspirin
- Hydroxyurea
2 mins
Core Ethical Principles
- Autonomy
- Autonomy
- Informed Consent
- Confidentiality
- Respect Patient Preferences
- Beneficence
- Beneficence
- Advocate and Act in Patient's Best Interest
- Nonmaleficence
- Nonmaleficence
- Avoid Patient Injury
- Justice
- Justice
- Treat Patients Equitably
2 mins
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
- Etiology
- Atherosclerosis
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis
- Clinical Features
- Sudden Painless Monocular Vision Loss
- Descending Curtain
- Fundoscopic Findings
- Retinal Plaques
- Grayish Retinal Discoloration
- Cherry Red Spot on Macula
- Diagnosis
- Ultrasound
- Interventions
- Ocular Massage
- Reduce Intraocular Pressure
3 mins
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
- Etiologies
- Hypercoagulability
- Hypertension
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Clinical Features
- Non-Ischemic
- Mild to Moderate Vision Loss
- Sparse Dot-blot and Flame Hemorrhages
- Ischemic
- Sudden, Painless Vision Loss
- "Blood and Thunder" Appearance
- Cotton Wool Spots
- Papilledema
- Interventions
- Observation if Non-Ischemic
- Laser Photocoagulation
- VEGF Inhibitors
3 mins
Hypertensive Retinopathy
- Etiology
- Chronic Hypertension
- Fundoscopic Findings
- Flame Hemorrhages
- Arteriovenous Nicking
- Retinal Microaneurysms
- Cotton Wool Spots
- Macular Star
- Papilledema
- Treatment
- Lower Blood Pressure
2 mins
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
- Characteristics
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Clinical Features
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Hyperviscosity Syndrome
- Headache, Blurred Vision
- Raynaud Phenomenon
- Thrombosis
- Petechiae
- Diagnosis
- Abnormal Plasma Cells
- Dutcher Bodies
- Monoclonal IgM Antibodies
- Management
- Observation
- Chemotherapy
- Plasmapheresis
3 mins
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
- Characteristics
- Red Blood Cell Aplasia
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Clinical Features
- Short Stature
- Craniofacial Anomalies
- Triphalangeal Thumbs
- Diagnosis
- Increased HbF (Fetal Hemoglobin)
- Management
- RBC Transfusion
- Steroids
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
2 mins
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Characteristics
- Excessive Immune System Activation
- Cytotoxic T-cells and Macrophages
- Cytokine Storm
- Acquired or Sporadic
- Presentation
- Fever
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Labs
- Increased Ferritin
- Pancytopenia
- Management
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
3 mins
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
- Characteristics
- Dysfunctional Bone Marrow
- Elderly
- Radiation or Chemotherapy
- Presentation
- Anemia
- Increased Susceptibility to Infection
- Bleeding
- Diagnosis
- Ringed Sideroblasts
- Howell-Jolly Bodies
- Pseudo-Pelger-Huet Anomaly
- Bilobed Neutrophils
- Management
- Supportive Care
- Bone Marrow Transplant
- Considerations
- Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
4 mins
De Novo Purine Synthesis
- PRPP Synthesis
- Ribose-5-Phosphate
- PRPP (Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate)
- IMP Synthesis
- Glutamine PRPP Amidotransferase
- Phosphoribosylamine
- Folate Cofactor
- Inosine Monophosphate
- AMP Synthesis
- Adenosine Monophosphate
- Requires GTP
- GMP Synthesis
- Guanosine Monophosphate
- Requires ATP
4 mins
MELAS
- Characteristics
- Mitochondrial Disease
- Mnemonic
- Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy
- Lactic Acidosis
- Stroke-like Episodes
- Considerations
- Muscle Weakness
- Seizures
1 min
Refractive Errors of the Eye
- Types
- Myopia
- Focal Point Anterior to Retina
- Increased Risk for Retinal Detachment
- Hyperopia
- Focal Point Posterior to Retina
- Increased Risk for Angle-closure Glaucoma
- Astigmatism
- Abnormal Corneal Curvature
- Increased Risk for Amblyopia
2 mins
Retinitis Pigmentosa
- Characteristics
- Hereditary Retinal Degeneration
- Clinical Features
- Night Blindness
- Contrast and Color Defects
- Tunnel Vision
- Associations
- Abetalipoproteinemia
- Kearns-Sayre Syndrome
- Refsum Disease
- Diagnosis
- Bone Spicule-shaped Retinal Deposits
- Considerations
- Permanent Blindness
2 mins
Tests for Hearing Loss
- Types of Hearing Loss
- Conductive Hearing Loss
- Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- Screening
- Finger Rub
- Whispering
- Tuning Fork Tests
- Weber's Test
- Lateralization
- Rinne Test
- Bone Conduction vs Air Conduction
2 mins
Uveitis Overview
- Characteristics
- Uvea
- Middle Layer of Eye
- Iris
- Ciliary Body
- Choroid
- Location
- Anterior Uveitis
- Inflammation of Iris or Ciliary Body
- Posterior Uveitis
- Inflammation of Vitreous, Choroid, or Retina
2 mins
MERRF Syndrome
- Characteristics
- Mitochondrial Disease
- Oxidative Phosphorylation Dysfunction
- Young Adults
- Clinical Findings
- Myoclonic Epilepsy
- Dementia
- Ataxia
- Ragged Red Fibers
1 min
Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
- Characteristics
- Mitochondrial Disease
- Optic Atrophy
- Adolescent Males
- Symptoms/Findings
- Painless Vision Loss
1 min
Kearns-Sayre Syndrome
- Characteristics
- Mitochondrial Disease
- Clinical Findings
- Ophthalmoplegia
- Retinitis Pigmentosa
- Heart Block
43 secs
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Characteristics
- Antigen Presentation Defect
- Lytic Bone Lesions
- Skull
- Presentation
- Hypopituitarism
- Diabetes Insipidus
- Skin Rash
- Recurrent Otitis Media
- Diagnosis
- Birbeck Granules
- "Tennis Racket" Appearance
- S100 Positive
- Management
- Observation
- Prednisone +/- Vinblastine
4 mins
Cerebellum Anatomy
- Functions
- Movement and Coordination
- Balance
- Muscle Tone
- Deep Nuclei
- Dentate Nucleus
- Emboliform Nucleus
- Globose Nucleus
- Fastigial Nucleus
- Cerebellar Peduncles
- Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
- Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
- Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
- Blood Supply
- Superior Cerebellar Artery
- Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
- Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
3 mins
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