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Nadav's Playlist
Gauchers Disease
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Beta Glucocerebrosidase Deficiency
Diagnosis
Lipid-laden Macrophages
Crumpled Tissue Paper
Signs and Symptoms
Osteoporosis
Bone Crises
Aseptic Necrosis of Femur
Erlenmeyer Flask Deformity
Hepatosplenomegaly
Pancytopenia
2 mins
Fabry's Disease
Pathophysiology
X-linked Recessive
Alpha-galactosidase A Deficiency
Increased Ceramide trihexoside
Early Signs and Symptoms
Decreased Sweating (Hypohidrosis)
Angiokeratoma
Episodic Peripheral Neuropathy
Late Signs and Symptoms
Cardiovascular Disease
Renal Failure
1 min
Krabbe Disease
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Galactocerebrosidase Deficiency
Increased Psychosine
Signs and Symptoms
Developmental Delay
Peripheral Neuropathy
Optic Atrophy
Diagnosis
Globoid Cells
1 min
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Arylsulfatase A Deficiency
Increased Cerebroside Sulfate
Signs and Symptoms
Demyelination
Ataxia
Dementia
1 min
Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency
Pathophysiology
Most Common Urea Cycle Disorder
X-Linked Recessive
Signs and Symptoms
Hyperammonemia
Decreased BUN
Carbamoyl Phosphate is Converted to Orotic Acid
Pyrimidine Synthesis Pathway
Evident in Babies
3 mins
Orotic Aciduria
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Defect in UMP Synthase
De Novo Pyrimidine Synthesis Pathway
Symptoms
Increased Orotic Acid in Urine
Megaloblastic Anemia
No Response to B12 or Folate
Non-Hyperammonemic
Failure to Thrive
Treatment
Oral Uridine Monophosphate
2 mins
Homocystinuria
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
4 Forms
Cystathionine Synthase Deficiency
Decreased Affinity of Cystathionine Synthase For Vitamin B6
Dietary Deficiencies Can Elevate Homocysteine Levels
3 mins
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Pathophysiology
Defect in alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase
Blocked degradation of branched chain amino acids
Leucine
Isoleucine
Valine
Signs and Symptoms
Seizures
Intellectual Disability
1 min
Alkaptonuria
Autosomal Recessive
Deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase
In degradative pathway of tyrosine to fumarate
Homogentisic acid harmful to cartilage
Arthritis
Dark Connective Tissue
Urine turns black on standing
1 min
Von Gierke Disease
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Type I Glycogen Storage Disease
Glucose-6-Phosphatase Deficiency
Signs and Symptoms
Increased Glycogen in Liver
Hepatomegaly
Enlarged Kidneys
Severe Fasting Hypoglycemia
Increased Triglycerides
Increased Uric Acid (Gout)
Increased Lactic Acid
Doll-like Facies
Treatment
Continuous Oral Glucose (or Cornstarch)
Avoid Fructose and Galactose
2 mins
Pompe Disease
Pathophysiology
Type II Glycogen Storage Disease
Autosomal Recessive
Deficiency of Lysosomal Alpha 1,4 Glucosidase
Acid Maltase
Signs and Symptoms
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hepatomegaly
Macroglossia
Hypotonia
Diagnosis
Increased Glycogen within Lysosomes
Increased Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Increased Creatine Kinase (CK/CPK)
2 mins
Cori Disease
Pathophysiology
Type III Glycogen Storage Disease
Deficiency of Alpha 1, 6 Glucosidase
Debranching Enzyme
Limit-Dextrin Accumulation (In Cytosolic Structures)
Signs and Symptoms
Hypoglycemia
Muscle Weakness
Hypotonia
Stunted Growth
Hepatomegaly
Diagnosis
Normal Blood Lactic Acid Levels
Gluconeogenesis Intact
Increased LFT's
Increased Creatine Kinase (CK/CPK)
Treatment
Continuous Feeding
High Protein Diet
Cornstarch (Uncooked)
4 mins
Hurler Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Mucopolysaccharidoses
Alpha-L-Iduronidase Deficiency
Increased Heparan Sulfate
Increased Dermatan Sulfate
Signs and Symptoms
Hepatosplenomegaly
Developmental Delay
Gargoylism
Corneal Clouding
Airway Obstruction
2 mins
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