Kent Shared "Multisystem part 1" - 141 Picmonics
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Multisystem part 1
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosis and Clinical Features
- IM DAMN SHARP acronym
- Immunoglobulins
- Malar rash
- Discoid rash
- Antinuclear antibody
- Mucositis
- Neurologic disorders
- Serositis
- Hematologic disorders
- Arthritis
- Renal disorders
- Photosensitivity
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Mechanism, Treatment and Complications
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease
- 9:1 female to male ratio
- Treatment
- Glucocorticoids
- NSAIDS
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Cyclophosphamide
- Complications
- Lupus nephritis
- Libman-Sacks Endocarditis
- Secondary Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- Other
- Drug-induced lupus
2 mins
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
- Characteristics
- Nephrotic
- Diagnosis
- LM Thickening of Capillary and Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM)
- EM Spike and Dome Appearance with Subepithelial Deposits
- IF Granular
- Primary
- Phospholipase A2 Receptor Autoantibodies
- Secondary
- NSAIDS
- Gold
- Solid Tumors
- Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
- Lupus
3 mins
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Treatment
- Epinephrine
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Mechanism
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Testing
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Examples
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Examples
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
1 min
Penicillin
- Gram Positive
- Spirochetes
- Bind PBPs
- Block Transpeptidase Cross-linking of Cell Wall
- Activate Autolytic Enzymes
- Bactericidal
- Hypersensitivity Reactions
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Beta-lactamase Sensitive
2 mins
Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
- Mechanism
- Aminopenicillin
- Broad Spectrum Penicillin
- Indications
- Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
- Side Effects
- Rash
- Diarrhea
- Considerations
- No Effect Against Staph Aureus
- Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
- Allergic Reaction
2 mins
Antipseudomonal Penicillins
- Drugs
- Ticarcillin
- Carbenicillin
- Piperacillin
- Mechanism of Action
- Same Mechanism as Penicillin
- Indications
- Extended Spectrum
- Pseudomonas and Gram-Negative Rods
- Considerations
- Combine with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
- Clavulanic Acid
- Tazobactam
- Hypersensitivity Reactions
2 mins
Cephalosporins Overview
- Mechanism of Action
- Beta lactam drug
- Inhibits cell wall synthesis
- Bactericidal
- Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Vitamin K Deficiency
- Disulfiram like reaction with Alcohol
- Increased Nephrotoxicity of Aminoglycosides
1 min
1st Generation Cephalosporin
- Drug Names
- Cefazolin
- Cephalexin
- Indications (PEcK Mnemonic)
- Proteus mirabilis
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Gram-Positive Cocci
1 min
2nd Generation Cephalosporin
- Drug Names
- Cefoxitin
- Cefaclor
- Cefuroxime
- Indications (PEcK HENS Mnemonic)
- Proteus mirabilis
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Gram-Positive Cocci
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Enterobacter
- Neisseria
- Serratia marcescens
2 mins
3rd Generation Cephalosporin
- Drug Names
- Cefotaxime
- Ceftriaxone
- Cefdinir
- Ceftazidime
- Pseudomonas
- Indications
- Serious Gram-Negative Bacteria Resistant to Other Beta-Lactams
1 min
4th Generation Cephalosporin
- Drug Name
- Cefepime
- Indications
- Increased Activity Against Gram-Positive Infections and Pseudomonas
29 secs
5th Generation Cephalosporin
- Mechanism
- Beta-Lactam
- Indications
- Resistant Bacteria
- Broad Spectrum Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative
- Drugs
- Ceftobiprole
- Has Pseudomonas Coverage
- Ceftaroline
- No Pseudomonas Coverage
1 min
Imipenem
- Mechanism
- Resistant to Beta-Lactamases
- Broad Spectrum
- Indications
- Anaerobes
- Gram-Negative Rods
- Gram-Positive Cocci
- Must Administer with Cilastatin
- Cilastatin is Inhibitor of Renal Dehydropeptidase I
- Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Skin Rash
- Seizures
- Considerations
- Meropenem
- Stable to Dehydropeptidase I
- Reduced Risk of Seizures (Non-Seizure Causing)
2 mins
Aztreonam
- Monobactam
- Resistant to beta lactamases
- Binds to penicillin binding protein (PBP)
- Inhibit cell wall synthesis
- No Activity on Gram-Positives or Anaerobes
- Gram-Negative Rods
- Non allergenic to penicillin
- Synergistic with aminoglycosides
2 mins
Vancomycin
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
- Indications
- Serious Gram-Positive Infections
- Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Red Man Syndrome
- Thrombophlebitis
- Nursing Considerations
- Culture Samples First
- Infuse IV Over 60 Minutes
- Take Around the Clock
2 mins
Vancomycin Mechanism
- Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal
- Gram-Positive
- Inhibits Cell Wall Mucopeptide
- Binds to D-ala D-ala
- Resistance with Change to D-ala D-lac
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Orally for Clostridium difficile
- Enterococci
2 mins
