neesha Shared "vitamins" - 13 Picmonics
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vitamins
Vitamin A (Retinol) Function and Deficiency
- Mechanism
- Retinol
- Constituent of Visual Pigments
- Differentiation of Epithelial Cells into Specialized Tissue
- Signs and Symptoms
- Night Blindness
- Dry Skin
- Considerations
- Used to Treat Measles
- Antioxidant
2 mins
Vitamin A (Retinol) Toxicity
- Signs and Symptoms
- Alopecia
- Vision Changes
- Headache
- Skin Changes
- Hyperlipidemia
- Hepatotoxicity
- Arthralgias
- Teratogen
- Cleft palate
- Cardiac Abnormalities
3 mins
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
- Mechanism
- Branched-chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
- Alpha-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
- Transketolase
- DEFICIENCY EFFECTS
- Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
- Beriberi
- ATP Depletion
- Aerobic Tissues Like Brain and Heart Affected First
- Considerations
- Deficiency Can Worsen with Glucose Infusion
2 mins
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
- Classification
- Vitamin B2
- Biochemistry
- FAD
- FAD Makes 1.5 ATP
- Succinate to Fumarate
- DEFICIENCY
- Glossitis
- Cheilosis
- Corneal Vascularization
2 mins
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
- Derived from Tryptophan
- Synthesis Requires Vitamin B6
- Constituent of NAD+
- Deficiency Causes
- Hartnup Disease
- Carcinoid Syndrome
- Deficiency Symptoms
- Pellagra
- Diarrhea
- Dermatitis
- Dementia
- Glossitis
- Excess Symptoms
- Flushing
2 mins
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenate)
- Mechanism
- Pantothenate
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
- Coenzyme A
- Fatty Acid Synthase
- Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
- Enteritis
- Dermatitis
- Alopecia
- Adrenal Insufficiency
2 mins
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
- Pyridoxal Phosphate
- Mechanism
- Transamination
- Decarboxylation
- Glycogen Phosphorylase
- Cystathionine Synthase
- Functions
- Heme Synthesis
- Niacin Synthesis
- Neurotransmitter Synthesis
2 mins
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Deficiency
- Deficiency From Isoniazid
- Deficiency From Oral Contraceptives
- Seizures
- Hyperirritability
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Sideroblastic Anemia
3 mins
Biotin (Vitamin B7)
- Mechanism
- Carboxylation Reaction
- Pyruvate Carboxylation to Oxaloacetate
- Propionyl-CoA Carboxylation to Methylmalonyl-CoA
- Acetyl-CoA Carboxylation to Malonyl CoA
- Deficiency Causes
- Antibiotic Use
- Ingestion of Raw Eggs
- Signs & Symptoms
- Alopecia
- Dermatitis
- Enteritis
2 mins
Folate Deficiency
- Clinical Features
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Megaloblastic Anemia
- Etiologies
- Malabsorption
- Dietary
- Tea and Toast
- Alcoholics
- Medication-induced
- Methotrexate
- Trimethoprim
- Increased Requirement
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Pregnancy
2 mins
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency Causes
- Causes
- Vegans
- Pernicious Anemia
- Gastric Bypass Surgery
- Malabsorption
- Sprue
- Enteritis
- Crohn's Disease
- Diphyllobothrium latum
4 mins
Vitamin E Deficiency
- Mechanism
- Antioxidant
- Protects Erythrocytes
- Protects from Free Radical Damage
- Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Posterior Column
- Spinocerebellar Tract
2 mins
Vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol)
- Mechanism
- Antioxidant
- Indications
- Fat Malabsorption Syndrome
- Alpha-TTP Deficiency
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Considerations
- Increased Risk Hemorrhagic Stroke
- Limit Doses < 200 IU per Day
- Nuts and Whole Grains
- Vegetable Oils
2 mins
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