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Mike Shared "Chap 8 Electrolytic, Caloric, and Water Balance Agents" - 9 Picmonics

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Chap 8 Electrolytic, Caloric, and Water Balance Agents

Ethacrynic Acid
Mechanism of Action
Non-sulfa Drug
Phenoxyacetic Acid Derivative
Loop Diuretic
Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter
Thick Ascending Loop of Henle
Clinical Use
Diuresis
Side Effects
Hypokalemia
Ototoxicity
Gout
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2 mins
Sulfa Drug Allergies
Sulfasalazine
Sulfonylureas
Thiazide Diuretics
Acetazolamide
Furosemide Diuretic
Celecoxib
Probenecid
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49 secs
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Indications
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Glaucoma
Drug Overdose
Mechanism of Action
Osmotic diuretic
Increased Urine Flow
Side Effects
Dehydration
Contraindications
Anuria
CHF
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2 mins
K+ Sparing Diuretics
Indications
CHF and Hypertension
Hypokalemia
Hyperaldosteronism
Mechanism of Action
Collecting Tubule
Spironolactone
Competitive Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist
Amiloride and Triamterene
Block Na+ Channels
Side Effects
Hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia
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2 mins
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Mechanisms
Inhibition of Aldosterone
Potassium Retention
Indications
Hypertension
Edema
Heart Failure
Side Effects
Hyperkalemia
Endocrine Effects
Consideration
Avoid Potassium Supplements
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2 mins
Hydrochlorothiazide HCTZ
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Reabsorption NaCl and H2O
Indications
Edema
Mild to Moderate Hypertension
Side Effects
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Dehydration
Hyperglycemia
Gout
Contraindications
Sulfa Allergy
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
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1 min
IV Solutions
Hypotonic (< 280 mOsm/L)
1/4 Normal Saline (0.225% NaCl)
1/2 Normal Saline (0.45% NaCl)
Isotonic (280-300 mOsm)
Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl)
Lactated Ringer's (LR)
Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W)
Hypertonic (> 300 mOsm)
3% or 5% NaCl
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% NaCl
Dextrose 10% in Water (D10W)
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3 mins
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Mechanism
Nutrition Given Outside GI
Side Effects
Hyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
Refeeding Syndrome
Nausea and Vomiting
Considerations
Slow IV Infusion
Use Large Central Vein
No Added Meds to TPN Line
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2 mins
Loop Diuretics
Mechanism of Action
Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- Symporter
Sulfa Drug
Drug Names
Furosemide
Lasix
Side Effects
Gout
Ototoxicity
Hypocalcemia
Hypokalemia
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4 mins

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