Katie Shared "exam 2" - 21 Picmonics
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exam 2
Macrolides
- End in "-thromycin"
- Mechanism of Action
- Bacteriostatic
- Indications
- Alternative for Penicillin Allergy
- Respiratory Infections
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects
- QT Prolongation and Sudden Death
- C.Diff Overgrowth
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Slow IV Infusion
2 mins
Macrolides Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Prolonged QT Interval
- P450 Inhibitor
- Cholestatic Hepatitis
- Skin Rash
- Eosinophilia
3 mins
Vancomycin
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
- Indications
- Serious Gram-Positive Infections
- Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Red Man Syndrome
- Thrombophlebitis
- Nursing Considerations
- Culture Samples First
- Infuse IV Over 60 Minutes
- Take Around the Clock
2 mins
Clindamycin
- Mechanism
- Bacteriostatic
- Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
- Indications
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Anaerobic Infections
- Side Effects
- Rash
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- C. Difficile (Associated Diarrhea)
- Arrhythmias
- Blood Dyscrasias
- Considerations
- Monitor for Diarrhea
3 mins
Isoniazid (INH)
- Mechanism
- Interferes with DNA Metabolism
- Indications
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Side Effects
- Optic Neuritis
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Hepatotoxicity
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Considerations
- Vitamin B6 Prophylaxis
- Monitor AST/ALT
2 mins
Rifampin
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Blocks RNA Polymerization
- Haemophilus influenzae Type B
- Leprosy
- Meningitis
- P450 inducer
- Red-orange urine
55 secs
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- Mechanism
- Guanosine Analog
- Inhibits Viral Replication
- Thymidine Kinase Activation
- Indications
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Side Effects (Oral)
- Headache
- GI Distress
- Side Effects (IV)
- CNS Toxicity
- Nephrotoxicity (Crystalline Nephropathy)
- Considerations
- Prevents Recurrent Episodes
- Slow IV Infusion
2 mins
Ganciclovir
- Indications
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Immunocompromised
- Mechanism
- Guanosine Analog
- Disrupts DNA Synthesis
- Inhibits Viral DNA Polymerase
- Side Effects
- Hematologic Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
1 min
Zanamivir (Relenza) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
- Indications
- Influenza A and B
- Treatment and Prophylaxis
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Release of New Virus
- Inhibits Influenza Neuraminidase
1 min
Amphotericin B
- Indications
- Systemic Mycosis
- Fungal Meningitis
- Last Resort for Protozoan infections
- Mechanism
- Polyene
- Binds Ergosterol
- Forms Membrane Pores
1 min
Griseofulvin
- Mechanism
- Disrupts Microtubules in Mitosis
- Indications
- Antifungal for Superficial Infections
- Tinea and Ringworm
- Side Effects
- Teratogen
- P450 Inducer
- Confusion
- Headache
2 mins
Metronidazole
- Mechanism of Action
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Indications
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Side Effects
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol
2 mins
Albuterol (Proventil)
- Mechanism
- Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonist
- Indications
- Bronchospasm
- Asthma
- Side Effects
- Angina
- Tachycardia
- Tremor
1 min
Theophylline (Theo-24)
- Mechanism
- Bronchial Smooth Muscle Relaxation
- Indications
- Asthma
- Side Effects
- Insomnia
- Restlessness
- Arrhythmias
- Seizures
- Considerations
- Narrow Therapeutic Range
- Monitor Plasma Levels
1 min
Montelukast (Singulair)
- Mechanism
- Leukotriene Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Asthma Prophylaxis
- Exercise Induced Bronchospasm
- Side Effects
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Mood Changes
- Suicidal Thoughts
- Considerations
- Increased Risk of Churg Strauss
2 mins
Cephalosporins
- Starts with "Cef-"
- Mechanism of Action
- Bactericidal
- Indications
- Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Infections
- Side Effects
- Allergic Reactions
- Thrombophlebitis
- Bleeding
- Contraindications
- Renal Impairment
- Considerations
- Avoid IV Calcium with Ceftriaxone
- No Alcohol
2 mins
Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
- Side Effects
- Thrombophlebitis
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
- Prevent with Antihistamine
- Prevent with Slow Infusion
2 mins
Tetracyclines Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Superinfection
- Clostridioides difficile
- Discoloration of Teeth
- Bone Deformities
- Photosensitivity
- Contraindications
- Children Under 8
- Pregnancy
1 min
Penicillin
- Mechanism of Action
- Weakens Cell Wall
- Indications
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Prophylaxis
- Side Effects
- Pain at IM Injection Site
- Allergic Reaction
- Considerations
- Skin Tests
- Allergy ID
- Medication Education
2 mins
Fluoroquinolones
- End in "-floxacin"
- Mechanism of Action
- Bactericidal
- Indications
- Variety of Infections
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Photosensitivity
- Achilles Tendon Rupture
- Contraindications
- Pregnancy
- Children
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Considerations
- Avoid Milk Products or Antacids
- Slow IV Infusion
2 mins
