Shaye Shared "Pharm I - NSG3022" - 185 Picmonics
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Pharm I - NSG3022
Routes of Administration Part One
- Enteral Administration
- Oral
- Sublingual
- Buccal
- Rectal
- Tubes
- Topical or Mucous Membrane Administration
- Transdermal
- Drops/Spray
- Vaginal
- Inhalation Administration
- Inhalation
2 mins
Routes of Administration Part Two (Parenteral)
- Parenteral Administration
- Intradermal
- Subcutaneous
- Intramuscular (IM)
- Intravenous
- Epidural
- Intrathecal
- Intraosseous
- Intraperitoneal
2 mins
Intramuscular Medication (IM) Administration
- Risks
- Injury to Nerves, Bone, and Blood Vessels
- Sites
- Deltoid
- Vastus Lateralis
- Ventrogluteal
- Nursing Considerations
- Selection of Needle Length
- Aseptic Technique for Drawing Up
- Z-Track
- 90 Degree Angle
- Max Amount (2-5 mL Adult, 1 mL Child)
- Techniques to Reduce Pain
2 mins
Ear Drops Medication Administration
- Indications
- Earwax Buildup
- Ear Infections
- Pulling The Pinna
- Child - Back and Downward
- Adult - Back and Upward
- Procedure
- Side-Lying with Ear Up
- Instill Medication
- Stay for 2-3 Minutes
- Nursing Considerations
- Room Temperature
- May Massage Tragus
- Perforated Eardrum
2 mins
Eye Medication Administration
- Procedure
- Supine with Neck Hyperextended
- Wash Away Crusts
- Cotton Ball on Cheekbone
- For Ophthalmic Drops
- Instill Drops into Conjunctival Sac
- Repeat if Missed or Patient Blinks
- 5 Minutes Before 2nd Medication
- For Ophthalmic Ointment
- Thin Stream Along Inner Edge
- Inner Canthus to Outer Canthus
2 mins
Metric System
- Weight
- Kilogram (kg)
- Gram (g/gm)
- Milligram (mg)
- Microgram (mcg)
- Volume
- Liter (L)
- Milliliter (mL)
- Length
- Meter (m)
- Converting
- Larger to Smaller: Multiply
- Smaller to Larger: Divide
3 mins
Conversions: Weight
- 1000 mcg = 1 mg
- 1000 mg = 1 g
- 1000 g = 1 kg
- 2.2 lb = 1 kg
1 min
Conversions: Volume
- Volume
- 1 mL = 1 cc
- 5 mL = 1 Tsp
- 15 mL = 1 Tbsp
- 30 mL = 1 oz
- 1000 mL = 1L
- 2 Tbsp = 1 oz
- 8 oz = 1 Cup
2 mins
Conversions: Pounds and Kilograms
- 2.2 lb (pounds)
- 1 kg (kilogram)
- Know Your Own Weight
37 secs
Standard Formula
- Memorize the Formula
- Dose Ordered
- Dose on Hand
- Amount on Hand (Quantity)
- Before Calculating the Dose
- Ensure Same Units and System of Measurement
- Calculating the Dose
- Dose Ordered/Dose on Hand X Amount on Hand = Amount to Administer
2 mins
IV Calculation Formulas
- IV TUBING
- Drop Factor
- Macrodrip
- Microdrip
- FLOW RATES
- Total Volume to Infuse (mL) X Drop Factor/ Time in Minutes = Drops/Minute (gtt/min)
- INFUSION TIME
- Total Volume to Infuse / mL per Hour Being Infused = Infusion Time
- Number of mL/Hr
- Total Volume in mL / Time in Hours = Number of mL per Hour
3 mins
Infusions Prescribed by Unit Dosage per Hour
- Step 1
- Determine Amount of Medication per 1mL
- Known Amount of Medication in Solution/Total Volume of Diluent = Amount of Medication per Milliliter
- Step 2
- Calculate mL per Hour
- Dose per Hour Desired/Concentration per Milliliter = Infusion Rate (mL/hour)
2 mins
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Beta Blockers
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
2 mins
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- "-pril" Suffix
- Mechanism of Action
- Block Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Dry Non-productive Cough
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Possible Hyperkalemia
- Angioedema
- Nursing Considerations
- Slowly Change Position
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Angioedema
- Contraindications
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Pregnancy
1 min
Prazosin (Minipress)
- -osin suffix
- Mechanisms
- Selective Alpha-1 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Nightmares
- Side Effects
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Priapism / Inhibition of Ejaculation
- Nasal Congestion
- Considerations
- First Dose Effect
- Administer at Bedtime
2 mins
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Indications
- Severe Hypertension
- CHF
- Reduced Afterload
- Pregnancy
- Mechanism of Action
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Side Effects
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Considerations
- Combined with Diuretic and Beta Blocker
1 min
Minoxidil (Loniten, Rogaine)
- Mechanism
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Indications
- Severe Hypertension
- Baldness
- Side Effects
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Blood Volume Expansion
- Hypertrichosis
- Pericardial Effusion
- Rash
- Considerations
- Give with Beta Blocker and Diuretic
2 mins
Nitroglycerin
- Mechanism of Action
- Decreases Preload
- Indications
- Angina
- Up to 3 doses q 5 mins
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Contraindications
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure
- Protect From Light
- Use Glass Bottle and Special Tubing
- Gloves for Applying Topically
2 mins
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