Brooke Shared "Hematology Week 3 Thrombosis" - 17 Picmonics
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Hematology Week 3 Thrombosis
Blood Transfusion Administration
- Proper Patient Identification
- Large Bore Needle
- Y Tubing
- Baseline Vital Signs
- Slow IV Infusion
- Monitor During First 15 Minutes or 50 mL of Blood
- Monitor for Reactions
- Considerations
- Do Not Add Anything To Same IV Line
- No Dextrose or Lactated Ringers
- Jehovah's Witnesses, No Transfusions
3 mins
Transfusion Reactions
- Acute Hemolytic
- Febrile, Non-Hemolytic
- Mild Allergic
- Anaphylactic
- Circulatory Overload
- Sepsis Reaction
- Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
- Massive Blood Transfusion
2 mins
Febrile Neutropenia
- Characteristics
- Oncologic Emergency
- Fever
- Absolute Neutrophil Count < 500/µL
- Increased Risk of Infection
- Diagnosis
- Blood Cultures
- Management
- Broad Spectrum Antibiotics
2 mins
Infectious Mononucleosis
- Mechanism
- Herpes-like Viral Infection
- Signs and Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Sore Throat
- Head and Body Aches
- Hepatomegaly and Splenomegaly
- Swollen Lymph Nodes in Neck and Armpits
- Rash
- Considerations
- Suppressed Immune Response
- Positive Monospot
2 mins
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Defective Lysosomal Trafficking Regulator Gene (LYST)
- Defect In Microtubular Function
- Decrease In Phagocytosis
- Signs And Symptoms
- Recurrent Pyogenic Infections
- Staph Aureus And Streptococci
- Partial Albinism
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Pancytopenia
- Diagnosis
- Giant Granules In Granulocytes And Platelets
2 mins
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Most Commonly X-linked Recessive
- Defective NADPH Oxidase (Enzyme Complex)
- Decreased Hydrogen Peroxide
- Impaired Intracellular Killing in Phagocytes
- Signs and Symptoms
- Recurrent Purulent Skin and Lung Infections
- Catalase Positive Organisms
- Diagnosis
- Negative Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test
- DHR (Dihydrorhodamine) Flow Cytometry
- Treatment
- Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
- TMP-SMX
- Itraconazole
- Interferon-Gamma
3 mins
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Integrin CD18 Protein
- Defect in LFA-1
- Attached to ICAM
- Signs and Symptoms
- Neutrophilia
- Bacterial Infections
- Non-Pyogenic
- Delayed Separation of Umbilical Cord
2 mins
Hyper IgE Syndrome
- Job Syndrome (Autosomal Dominant Hyper IgE Syndrome)
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- STAT3 Mutation
- Increased IgE
- Abnormal Chemotaxis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Leonine Facies
- Cold (Non-Inflamed) Staph Aureus Abscesses
- Retained Primary Teeth
- Eczema
- Management
- Prophylactic Antibiotics
2 mins
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Characteristics
- Mechanism
- Virchow's Triad
- Venous Stasis
- Endothelial Damage
- Hypercoagulability
- Symptoms
- Tenderness
- Homan's Sign
- Warmth
- Redness
- Swelling
- Asymptomatic
1 min
Pulmonary Embolism Causes
- Causes
- FAT BAT Mnemonic
- Fat
- Air
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Bacteria
- Amniotic Fluid
- Tumor
- Risk Factors
- Hypercoagulable
- Central Venous Lines
- Immobilized
1 min
Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia
- Pathophysiology
- Most Common Genetic Clotting Disorder in Caucasians
- Genetic Point Mutation
- Glutamine Replaces Arginine
- Mutant Factor V
- Resistant to Degradation by Activated Protein C
- Symptoms
- Hypercoagulability
- Recurrent DVT (Increased Risk of Thromboembolism)
- Considerations
- Avoid Oral Contraceptives
- Caution During Pregnancy
2 mins
Protein C or S Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Inability to Inactivate Factor Va and VIIIa
- Symptoms
- Hypercoagulable State
- Recurrent DVTs or DVTs at Young Age
- Treatment
- Begin Heparin
- Slowly Bridge to Warfarin
- Hemorrhagic Skin Necrosis
2 mins
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Pathophysiology
- 5-10 Days After Heparin Exposure
- Heparin-Platelet Factor 4 Complex
- Autoantibodies Form Against Complex
- Heparin-Platelet Factor 4-Antibody Complex Binds Platelets
- Platelet Aggregation
- Procoagulant Release
- Symptoms
- Thrombocytopenia
- Diagnosis
- Serotonin Release Assay (SRA)
- Treatment
- Stop Heparin, Start Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
2 mins
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Characteristics
- Antiphospholipid Antibodies
- Hypercoagulability
- Clinical Features
- Recurrent Thromboembolisms
- Recurrent Miscarriages
- Diagnosis
- Anticardiolipin Antibodies
- Anti-Beta-2-Glycoprotein Antibodies
- Lupus Anticoagulant
- Management
- Anticoagulation
2 mins
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Pathophysiology
- Defective PIG-A Gene
- Deficiency of DAF (Decay Accelerating Factor CD55)
- Symptoms
- Dark Urine in the Morning
- Intravascular Hemolysis
- Thrombosis
- Diagnosis
- Decreased CD55 and CD59
- Treatment
- RBC Transfusion
- Eculizumab
- Bone Marrow Transplant is Curative
3 mins
Fanconi Anemia
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Recessive
- Aplastic Anemia
- DNA Crosslink Repair Defect
- Clinical Presentation
- Short Stature
- Microcephaly
- Thumb and Forearm Malformations
- Cafe Au Lait Spots
- Ocular Abnormalities
- Horseshoe Kidney
- Lab Findings
- Chromosomal Breakage Testing
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Pancytopenia
- Management
- Monitor For Malignancy and Bone Marrow Failure
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
3 mins
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
- Characteristics
- Red Blood Cell Aplasia
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Clinical Features
- Short Stature
- Craniofacial Anomalies
- Triphalangeal Thumbs
- Diagnosis
- Increased HbF (Fetal Hemoglobin)
- Management
- RBC Transfusion
- Steroids
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
2 mins
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