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Jessica Shared "Derm MSK" - 15 Picmonics

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Derm MSK

Rubeola Virus
Characteristics
RNA Virus
Paramyxovirus
Signs and Symptoms
Measles
Rash Spreads From Head to Toe
Koplik Spots First
Red Spots with Blue-White Center on Buccal Mucosa
Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Giant Cell Pneumonia in Immunosuppressed Patients
Warthin-Finkeldey Multinucleated Giant Cells
Treatment
Vitamin A
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3 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
Chromosome 17
Signs and Symptoms
Neurofibromas
Optic Glioma
Lisch Nodules
Hamartomas
Cafe Au Lait Spots
Scoliosis
Pheochromocytoma
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4 mins
Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
Pathophysiology
Most Common Skin Cancer
2/3 of Cases Due to UV Light Exposure
Pink, Pearl-like Lesions
Rolled Borders
Telangiectasias
Commonly Upper Lip
Diagnosis
Shave Biopsy
Pallisading Nuclei
Treatment
Mohs Micrographic Surgery
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2 mins
Melanocytic Nevus
Characteristics
Benign Tumor of Melanocytes
Nested Proliferations at Dermal-Epidermal Junction
Junctional
Intradermal
Risk Factors
Genetics
Childhood Sun Exposure
Considerations
Melanoma
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2 mins
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Pathophysiology
Defective Nucleotide Excision Repair
Pyrimidine Dimer Accumulation
Autosomal Recessive
Susceptible to UVA and UVB Rays
Presentation
Actinic Keratosis
Neurodegeneration
Photosensitivity
Corneal Ulcers
Hyperpigmented Lentigines
Considerations
Increased Risk of Skin Cancer
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3 mins
Bullous Pemphigoid
Linear Deposits of IgG
Affects Hemidesmosomes
Epidermal Basement Membrane
Tense Blisters on Skin
Nikolsky Negative
Contain Eosinophils
Rarely Affect Oral Mucosa
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2 mins
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Pathophysiology
Autoantibodies against desmosomes
Symptoms
Flaccid Bullae on Skin
Oral Mucosa Involvement
Intraepidermal Acantholysis
Fluid Loss
Infection
Nikolsky Positive
Diagnosis
Biopsy showing Autoantibodies
Treatment
IVIG and Plasmapheresis
Oral Steroids
Immunosuppressants
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2 mins
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Etiologies
Drugs
Symptoms
< 10% of Body Surface Area (BSA) Involved
10-30% BSA Overlaps with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
Fever
Affects Skin and Mucous Membranes
Bullae Formation
Necrosis
Sloughing of Skin
High Mortality Rate
Treatment
Supportive Care
IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin)
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3 mins
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
Epidemiology
2nd Most Common Skin Cancer
UV Light Exposure
Long-term Immunosuppression
Arsenic Exposure
Signs/Symptoms
Ulcerative Red Lesion
Precursor Actinic Keratosis
Commonly Lower Lip
Diagnosis
Biopsy shows Keratin Pearls
Treatment
Mohs Micrographic Surgery
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2 mins
Actinic Keratosis
Sun Exposure
Papules or Plaques
Small, Rough
Erythematous
Precursor to Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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53 secs
Keratoacanthoma
Low-Grade Skin Tumor
Dome-shaped Nodule with Central Crater
More Common in Elderly
Sun-exposed Skin
Characteristics
Resembles Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
Grows Rapidly over 4-6 Weeks
Workup & Management
Wide Excisional Biopsy
Mohs Micrographic Surgery
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2 mins
Types of Malignant Melanoma
Superficial Spreading
Most Common Cause of Melanoma
Nodular
Aggressive and Rapidly Arising
Acral-Lentiginous
Males
Asians and African Americans
Lentigo Maligna
Geographic Shape
Sun Exposed Areas
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2 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Pathophysiology
Autosomal-Dominant
Chromosome 22
Signs and Symptoms
Vestibular Schwannoma
Meningioma
Ependymoma
Cafe Au Lait Spots
Cataracts
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2 mins
Tuberous Sclerosis
Characteristics
Autosomal Dominant
Signs and Symptoms
Hamartomas in CNS and Skin
Phakoma
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
Seizures
Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation)
Adenoma Sebaceum
Shagreen Patch
Ash-leaf Spots
Renal Angiomyolipoma
Cardiac Rhabdomyoma
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2 mins
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
Mechanism
Antimetabolite
"Thymine-less Death"
Indications
Slow-growing Solid Tumors
Co-administered with Leucovorin for Stomach Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (Topical)
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Mucositis
Severe Diarrhea
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3 mins

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