Rachel Shared "Patho 2 Exam 2" - 39 Picmonics
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Patho 2 Exam 2
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Destruction of Connective Tissue and Synovial Membrane
- Signs and Symptoms
- Inflammation of Joints
- Morning Stiffness
- Nodules
- Joint Deformities
1 min
Rheumatoid Arthritis Interventions
- Lifestyle Modifications
- Heat and Cold Applications
- Therapeutic Exercise
- Balance Rest and Activity
- Drug Therapy
- NSAIDs
- DMARDs
- Glucocorticoids
- Considerations
- PT/OT
- Reconstructive Joint Surgery
2 mins
Humoral Adaptive Immunity
- Characteristics
- B Cell Binds Free Floating Antigen
- B Cell Presents Antigen to Helper T Cell
- Helper T Cells Help B Cells Develop Antigen Specificity
- Plasma B Cells Secrete Antibodies
- Memory B Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
2 mins
Innate Immunity Cellular Response
- Characteristics
- Natural Killer Lymphocytes Attack Abnormal Cells
- Neutrophils in Blood
- Infected Cells Release Interferon
- Complement Proteins Lyse Pathogens/Infected Cells
- Dendritic Cells in Tissue
- Macrophages in Tissue
2 mins
Immune System Tissues
- Characteristics
- Bone Marrow
- B Cells and T Cells Formed
- B Cells Mature
- Thymus
- T Cells Tested For Self-Response
- T Cells Mature
- Lymph Nodes
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Lymph For Pathogens
- Spleen
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Blood For Pathogens
1 min
Cell-mediated Adaptive Immune Response
- Characteristics
- Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Present Antigens
- T Cell Develops Antigen Specificity
- Regulatory T Cells Suppress Response
- Memory T Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
- Cytotoxic T Cells Lyse Infected Cells
- Infected Cells Present Antigen On Surface
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Diagnosis
- HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody Immunoassay
- HIV-1/2 Antibody Differentiation Immunoassay
- Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT)
- Viral Load
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Neonates
3 mins
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Examples
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
1 min
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Interventions
- Interventions
- Adequate Nutrition
- Small Frequent Meals
- IV Hydration
- Emotional Support
- HIV Medications
- HAART
- Considerations
- Transmission Education
- Strict Asepsis for Invasive Procedures
- Treat Opportunistic Infections
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Stages
- Primary Infection
- Within 3 Weeks
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Asymptomatic Stage
- Years
- Symptomatic Stage
- CD4+ < 500
- AIDS
- Opportunistic Infections
- CD4+ < 200
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Assessment
- Assessment
- RNA Retrovirus
- CD4+ Helper T Cells
- Primary Infection
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Lymphadenopathy
- Symptomatic Stage
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Unexplained Weight Loss
- White Spots on Tongue
- Persistent Fever
- Night Sweats
2 mins
Inflammatory Response
- Pathogens Infect Tissue
- Mast Cells Release Histamine
- Histamine Dilates and Increases Capillary Permeability
- Macrophages Engulf Pathogens
- Macrophage Signals Cells With Cytokines
- Responding Neutrophils Cross Capillary Wall
- B And T Lymphocytes Arrive At Injury Site
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Interventions
- Avoid Sunlight
- Drug Therapy
- Glucocorticoids
- Methotrexate
- NSAIDs
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Azathioprine
- Considerations
- Monitor for Renal Failure (ARF)
- Manage Pain
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder
- Assessment
- Malar Rash
- Discoid Rash
- Arrhythmias
- Arthritis
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Seizures
- Glomerulonephritis
- Considerations
- Periods of Exacerbation and Remission
- Diagnosed by ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody assay)
2 mins
Atopic Dermatitis / Eczema
- Presentation
- Pruritic Vesicles
- Inflammatory Skin Rash
- Cheeks in Children
- Skin Flexural Areas
- Associated with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
- Treatment
- Tacrolimus
- Moisturizers
- Corticosteroids
- Phototherapy
- Avoid Triggers
- Antihistamines
2 mins
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Treatment
- Epinephrine
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Mechanism
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Testing
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Examples
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
1 min
Schizophrenia Assessment
- Positive Symptoms
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Associative Looseness
- Negative Symptoms
- Flat Affect
- Poverty of Thought
- Absence of Something that Should be Present
- Cognitive Symptoms
- Illogical Thinking
- Impaired Judgment and Memory
- Affective Symptoms
- Dysphoria
2 mins
Schizophrenia Interventions
- Drug Therapy
- Antipsychotics
- Interventions
- Build Trust
- Assistance with Self-care
- Reality Testing
- Monitor for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- Monitor for Tardive Dyskinesia
- Family Therapy
2 mins
