Maria Shared "Copy of Top 50 Picmonics for Step 1" - 50 Picmonics
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Copy of Top 50 Picmonics for Step 1
Isoniazid
Indications
Tuberculosis (TB)
Mechanism of Action
Requires Catalase Peroxidase
Decreases Mycolic Acid Synthesis
Fast vs Slow Acetylators
Side Effects
B6 Deficiency
Neurotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Drug-induced Lupus
1 min
Huntington's Disease
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
Trinucleotide Repeat
CAG Repeats
Chromosome 4
Anticipation
Caudate
Decrease of ACh
Decrease of GABA
Signs and Symptoms
Chorea
Dementia
Depression
Glutamate Toxicity
Neuronal Death via NMDA Binding
3 mins
Clindamycin
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
Blocks Translocation
Indications
Anaerobic Infections above the Diaphragm
Aspiration Pneumonia
Lung Abscess
Side Effects
Can Cause Pseudomembranous Colitis
1 min
Giardia lamblia
Characteristics
Protozoa
Ingestion of Cysts
Seen in Campers
Daycare Centers
Mental Hospitals
Infects Small Intestine
Signs and Symptoms
Bloating
Flatulence
Fatty Diarrhea
Diagnosis
Crescent-shaped Protozoa Adjacent to Epithelial Brush Border
Predisposed if Low IgA
Treatment
Metronidazole
3 mins
Prolactinoma
Pituitary Adenoma
Galactorrhea
Prolactin Inhibits Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
Impotence
Amenorrhea
Bitemporal Hemianopsia
Treat with Dopamine
2 mins
Toxoplasma gondii
Characteristics
Protozoa
Cysts in Meat or Cat Feces
Signs and Symptoms
Brain Abscess in HIV Patients
Ring-enhancing Brain Lesions
Crosses Placenta in Pregnant Women
Congenital TORCH Infection
Treatment
Pyrimethamine
Sulfadiazine
2 mins
Chlamydia trachomatis
Characteristics
A to C
Trachoma
Follicular Conjunctivitis
Blindness
Africa
L1 to 3
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Buboes
Genital Ulcer
D to K
Urethritis and PID
Neonatal Pneumonia
Staccato Cough
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
2 mins
Carcinoid Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Neuroendocrine Cells
Serotonin
Appendix
Diagnosis
Chromogranin A
Neuron Specific Enolase
Dense Core Bodies on EM
Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms When Metastasize to Liver
Flushing
Wheezing
Right Heart Murmur
Diarrhea
4 mins
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency
Pathophysiology
Decreased Cortisol
Increased 17 Hydroxyprogesterone
Decreased Aldosterone
Signs and Symptoms
Hypotension
Increased Renin
Hyperkalemia
Female Pseudohermaphroditism
2 mins
Campylobacter Jejuni
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacillus
Flagella
Curved
Corkscrew Appearance
Oxidase-Positive
Grows Well at 42 Degrees
Undercooked Poultry
Unpasteurized Milk
Puppies with Diarrhea
Signs and Symptoms
Bloody Diarrhea
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Reiter's Syndrome or Reactive Arthritis
3 mins
EHEC (Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli)
Characteristics
O157:H7
Non-Sorbitol Fermenting
Hamburger Meat
Produces Shiga-Like Toxin
Gram-Negative
Lysogeny
Inactivates 60 S ribosome
Disease
Bloody Diarrhea
Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
Acute Renal Failure
Thrombocytopenia
2 mins
Hirschsprung Disease
Failure of Neuronal Crest Cell Migration
Involves Rectum
Lack of Auerbach and Meissner Plexus
Chronic Constipation
Failure to Pass Meconium
Congenital Megacolon
Increased Risk with Down Syndrome
2 mins
Wilson's Disease Symptoms
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Basal Ganglia Degeneration
Dementia
Dyskinesia
Asterixis
Kayser-Fleischer Rings
Slit Lamp Exam
Hemolytic Anemia
2 mins
Crohn's Symptoms and Associations
Diarrhea
Malabsorption
Bile-Wasting
Pigment Gallstones
Oxalate Kidney Stones
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Erythema Nodosum
Uveitis
Migratory Polyarthritis
2 mins
Hemochromatosis Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology
Hemosiderin Deposition
Autosomal Recessive
HLA-A3
Secondary to Transfusion Therapy
Increase Iron
Increase Ferritin
Increased Transferrin Saturation
2 mins
Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
Side Effects
Thrombophlebitis
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
Prevent with Antihistamine
Prevent with Slow Infusion
2 mins
Trichomonas vaginalis
Characteristics
Protozoa
Signs and Symptoms
Vaginitis
Pruritus
Foul-smelling Greenish Frothy Discharge
Strawberry Cervix
Diagnosis
Corkscrew Motility on Wet Prep
Treatment
Metronidazole
2 mins
Tetracycline Toxicities
Inhibition of Bone Growth in Children
Teratogen
Discoloration of Teeth
Photosensitivity
GI Distress
2 mins
Bacterial Endocarditis
Signs and Symptoms
Fever
New murmur
Janeway Lesions
Splinter Hemorrhages
Roth spots/round white spots on retina
Osler nodes/tender lesions on finger or toe pads
Anemia
2 mins
Rheumatic Fever
Pathophysiology
Pharyngeal Infection with Strep Pyogenes (Group A Strep)
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Signs and Symptoms
Aschoff Bodies
Anitschkow's Cells
Early Death Due to Myocarditis
Migratory Polyarthritis
Subcutaneous Nodules
Erythema Marginatum
Chorea
Diagnosis
Elevated ESR
2 mins
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