Matthew Shared "Immunology" - 44 Picmonics
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Immunology
Lymphatics
- Characteristics
- Recycles 10% of Interstitial Fluid
- Transport Large Lipids from Lacteals
- Unidirectional Valves
- Lymph Nodes Filter Lymph
- WBCs Monitor Lymph for Pathogens
- Merge with Veins
2 mins
Innate Immunity Cellular Response
- Characteristics
- Natural Killer Lymphocytes Attack Abnormal Cells
- Neutrophils in Blood
- Infected Cells Release Interferon
- Complement Proteins Lyse Pathogens/Infected Cells
- Dendritic Cells in Tissue
- Macrophages in Tissue
2 mins
Humoral Adaptive Immunity
- Characteristics
- B Cell Binds Free Floating Antigen
- B Cell Presents Antigen to Helper T Cell
- Helper T Cells Help B Cells Develop Antigen Specificity
- Plasma B Cells Secrete Antibodies
- Memory B Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
2 mins
Cell-mediated Adaptive Immune Response
- Characteristics
- Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Present Antigens
- T Cell Develops Antigen Specificity
- Regulatory T Cells Suppress Response
- Memory T Cells Cause Faster Secondary Response
- Cytotoxic T Cells Lyse Infected Cells
- Infected Cells Present Antigen On Surface
2 mins
HLA-B27 Associations
- Associations
- PAIR Acronym
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Reactive Arthritis
1 min
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Pathophysiology
- Defective PIG-A Gene
- Deficiency of DAF (Decay Accelerating Factor CD55)
- Symptoms
- Dark Urine in the Morning
- Intravascular Hemolysis
- Thrombosis
- Diagnosis
- Decreased CD55 and CD59
- Treatment
- RBC Transfusion
- Eculizumab
- Bone Marrow Transplant is Curative
3 mins
Cell Surface Proteins - B Cells
- Ig
- CD19
- CD20
- CD21
- CD40
- MHC II
- B7
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Treatment
- Epinephrine
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Mechanism
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Testing
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Examples
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
1 min
Serum Sickness
- T3 HSR
- pathophys: hypocomplementemia
- s/s: fever, pruritic rash, arthralgia
- histo: fibrinoid necrosis (vasculitis), PMN infiltration
- Etiologies: Chimeric -mabs, Non-human Igs, PCN, Cefaclor, TMP-SMX
- Arthus Reaction
- s/s: hemorrhagic, necrotic skin lesions
- triggers: Tdap vaccination
- Local reaction
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Examples
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
1 min
Transfusion Reactions
- Acute Hemolytic
- Febrile, Non-Hemolytic
- Mild Allergic
- Anaphylactic
- Circulatory Overload
- Sepsis Reaction
- Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
- Massive Blood Transfusion
2 mins
Anti-glomerular Basement Membrane Antibodies
- Glomerulonephritis
- Goodpasture's Disease
- Linear immunofluorescence
- Hemoptysis
- Hematuria
1 min
Anticentromere Antibodies
- Autoimmune Disorders
- CREST Syndrome (Limited Scleroderma)
- Diffuse Scleroderma
49 secs
Anti-desmoglein Antibodies
- Pemphigus Vulgaris
- Flaccid Blisters
- Skin and Oral Mucosa
- Positive Nikolsky's Sign
59 secs
Antihistone Antibodies
- Drug-induced Lupus
- SHIPP Acronym
- Sulfonamides
- Hydralazine
- Isoniazid (INH)
- Phenytoin
- Procainamide
1 min
Bruton's Agammaglobulinemia
- Pathophysiology
- X-linked Recessive
- Defective Bruton Tyrosine Kinase
- Blocks B Cell Maturation
- Signs & Symptoms
- Decreased Immunoglobulins of All Classes
- Bacterial Infections After Six Months
- Maternal IgG Protects Before Six Months
2 mins
Selective IgA Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Defect in Class Switching
- Decreased IgA
- Signs and Symptoms
- Often Asymptomatic
- Increase in Atopic & Autoimmune Diseases
- Sinopulmonary Infections
- Increased Risk Giardia Lamblia Infections
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Celiac Disease
- Considerations
- Anaphylaxis From IgA Containing Blood Products
2 mins
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Defect in B Cell Maturation
- Decreased Plasma Cells
- Decreased Immunoglobulins
- Signs & Symptoms
- Sinopulmonary Infections
- Increased Risk of Autoimmune Disease
- Lymphoma
1 min
