Tabatha Shared "4th semester" - 37 Picmonics
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4th semester
Parts of an ECG
- PQRST
- P Wave
- Atrial Depolarization
- QRS Complex
- Ventricular Depolarization
- T Wave
- Ventricular Repolarization
2 mins
ECG Interpretation
- Rate
- Rhythm
- P Waves
- Upright, Rounded, Before Every QRS
- PR Interval (< 0.20 seconds)
- Normal QRS (< 0.12 seconds)
2 mins
Acute Digoxin Toxicity
- Clinical Symptoms
- Hyperkalemia
- Cholinergic (Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea)
- Blurry Yellow Green Vision with Halo of Light
- Arrhythmia
- Bradycardia
- EKG Changes
- Prolonged PR interval
- Decreased QT
- Scooping on EKG
- T Wave Inversion
2 mins
ECG: Sinus Bradycardia
- Rate
- < 60 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Atropine
1 min
ECG: Sinus Tachycardia
- Rate
- > 100 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Treat Underlying Cause
2 mins
ECG: Atrial Fibrillation
- Rate
- Variable Rate
- Rhythm
- Irregular Rhythm
- P Wave
- No P Wave
- PR Interval
- No PR Interval
- QRS Interval
- QRS < 0.12 Seconds
1 min
ECG: Atrial Flutter
- Rate
- Variable
- Rhythm
- Regular or Irregular
- P Wave
- Saw Tooth, Multiple Before Every QRS
- PR Interval
- Non-measurable
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
2 mins
Lidocaine
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Side Effects
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Consideration
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
1 min
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Mechanism of Action
- Increases Inotropy
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Fatigue
- Contraindications
- Heart Block
- Nursing Considerations
- Heart Rate Below 60
- Hypokalemia
- Monitor for Toxicity and Visual Changes
- Digibind
2 mins
Cardiovascular Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Cardiac Myocytes and Vasculature
- Decrease cAMP
- Decreases SA and AV Node Conduction Velocity
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Decrease O2 Consumption
- Decreases Mortality Post-MI
2 mins
Right Heart Failure Assessment
- Jugular Venous Distention (JVD)
- Peripheral Edema
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Nocturia
- Weight Gain
- Ascites
- Fatigue
1 min
Heart Failure Interventions
- Diagnostic Tests
- Echocardiogram
- Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
- Improve Gas Exchange
- High Fowler's Position
- Oxygen
- Advanced Airway
- Drugs and Devices
- Diuretics
- Beta Blockers
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- ACE Inhibitors
- Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Pacemaker
2 mins
Alteplase
- Mechanism
- Tissue Plasminogen Activator
- Indications
- Thrombosis
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Contraindications
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Internal Hemorrhaging
- Considerations
- Minimize Bleeding
- Monitor for Shock
- Antidote
- Aminocaproic Acid
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Assessment
- Assessment
- Substernal Chest Pain
- Crushing or Dull Sensation
- Arm, Jaw, and Neck
- > 20 Minutes
- Unrelieved by Nitro
- Palpitations
- Diaphoresis
- Fear of Impending Doom
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Shortness of Breath
- Considerations
- Monitor for Arrhythmias
2 mins
Adenosine (Adenocard)
- Mechanism
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (Paroxysmal)
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Flushing
- Dyspnea
- Considerations
- Rapid IV Push
- Caffeine and Theophylline Decrease Effectiveness
- Dipyridamole May Intensify Effects
2 mins
Types of Heart Failure
- Left Sided
- Pulmonary Congestion
- Right Sided
- Peripheral Edema
- High Output
- Unable to Meet Metabolic Needs
1 min
Cardiac Tamponade
- Mechanism
- Fluid in the Pericardial Sac
- Pericarditis
- Decreased Cardiac Output
- Signs/Symptoms
- Beck's Triad
- Hypotension
- Jugular Venous Distention (JVD)
- Distant Heart Sounds
- Pulsus Paradoxus
- Electrical Alternans
- Treatment
- Pericardiocentesis
1 min
Dobutamine
- Mechanism
- Beta-1 Agonist
- Inotropic
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Tachycardia
- Arrhythmias
- Considerations
- Closely Monitor Patients
- Other Meds May Increase Potency
1 min
Left Heart Failure Assessment
- Pulmonary Assessment
- Pulmonary Congestion
- Pink Frothy Sputum
- Wheezing or Crackles
- Dyspnea with Exertion
- Cough
- Systemic Assessment
- Fatigue
- Tachycardia
- Weak Peripheral Pulse
- S3, S4 Heart Sounds
1 min
Metabolic Acidosis Assessment
- Characteristics
- Decreased pH < 7.35
- Decreased HCO3 < 22
- Signs & Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- CNS Depression
- Coma
- Hypotension
- Arrhythmias
- Increased Respirations
- Kussmaul Respirations
- Flushed, Warm, Dry Skin
- Muscle Weakness
2 mins
