Emma Shared "NEURO" - 14 Picmonics
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NEURO
Migraine Headache Treatments
- Acute Treatment
- Avoid Triggers
- Sumatriptan
- NSAIDs
- Preventative Treatment
- Beta Blockers
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Amitriptyline
- Topiramate (Anticonvulsants)
1 min
Tension Headache
- Presentation
- More Common in Women
- Bilateral Band-like Pain
- Occipital and Neck region
- Exacerbated by Stress
- Exacerbated by Fatigue
- Duration
- > 30 Minutes
- Acute Treatment
- Relaxation
- Caffeine
- NSAIDs
- Acetaminophen
- Preventative Treatment
- Amitriptyline
1 min
Migraine Headaches Signs and Symptoms
- Signs and Symptoms
- More Common in Women
- Exacerbated by Activity
- Unilateral Pulsating Pain
- Aura
- Photophobia and Phonophobia
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Duration
- 4 hours to 3 Days
1 min
Cluster Headache
- Presentation
- More Common in Men
- Unilateral Periorbital Headache
- Ipsilateral Tearing
- Precipitated by Alcohol
- Stabbing Pain
- Duration
- 15 min - 3 Hours
- Repetitive Attacks in Clusters
- Treatment
- High Flow 100% O2
- Ergots
- Sumatriptan
2 mins
Local Anesthetic Overview
- Indications
- Minor Procedures
- Epidurals
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- State Dependent
- Combined with Vasoconstrictors
- Infected Tissue Requires Higher Dose
- Drugs
- Esters
- Amides
- Side Effects
- Arrhythmias
- Cardiotoxicity
1 min
Neisseria Meningitidis
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Diplococci
- Chocolate Agar
- Thayer-Martin Media
- VPN
- Oxidase-Positive
- Maltose Fermentation
- Glucose Fermentation
- Endotoxin
- Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in Membrane
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- IgA Protease
- Disease
- Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Petechial Rash
- Treatments
- Ceftriaxone
- Rifampin Prophylaxis
5 mins
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Gram-Positive
- Diplococci
- Lancet-Shaped
- Catalase-Negative
- Optochin-Sensitive
- Bile Soluble
- Alpha-Hemolytic
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- Positive Quellung Reaction
- IgA Protease
1 min
Haemophilus influenzae Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Coccobacilli
- PRP Capsule in Type B
- Positive Quellung Reaction
- IgA Protease
- Chocolate Agar
- Factor V is NAD
- Factor X is Hematin
- Staph Aureus Provides Factor V
2 mins
Listeria Monocytogenes Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Gram Positive
- Bacillus
- Intracellular
- Survives in Cold Temperature
- Actin Rocket
- Tumbling Motility
- Catalase-Positive
- Beta-Hemolytic
- Only Gram-Positive with Endotoxin-Like Structure
2 mins
Types of Seizures
- Tonic-Clonic
- Tonic
- Clonic
- Absence (Petit Mal)
- Myoclonic
- Atonic
- Partial (Focal) Seizure
- Focal Aware (Formerly Called Simple Partial)
- Focal Impaired Awareness (Formerly Called Complex Partial)
3 mins
Rabies Virus
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- RNA Virus
- SS Negative Linear
- Helical
- Bullet-Shaped Envelope
- Binds to Acetylcholine Receptor
- Retrograde Fashion
- Migrates to Saliva
- Diagnosis
- Negri Bodies
- Cytoplasmic Inclusions in Neurons
- Purkinje Cells of Cerebellum
2 mins
Cryptococcus neoformans
- Characteristics
- Monomorphic
- Encapsulated
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- Narrow-Based Buds
- Latex Agglutination
- Pigeons
- India Ink
- Mucicarmine stain
- Signs and Symptoms
- AIDS/Immunocompromised
- Meningitis
- Soap Bubble Lesions in Brain
- Pneumonia
- Treatment
- Fluconazole
- Flucytosine
- Amphotericin
3 mins
Naegleria Fowleri
- Pathophysiology
- Protozoa
- Rapidly Fatal Meningoencephalitis
- Swimming in Freshwater Lakes
- Travels Through Cribriform Plate
- Diagnosis
- Amoebas in CSF
- Treatment
- Amphotericin B
- Death is Still Common
1 min
Echinococcus Granulosus
- Pathophysiology
- Cestode (Tapeworm)
- Ingestion of Eggs from Dog Feces
- Hydatid Cysts in Liver
- Fibrosis and Necrosis
- Anaphylaxis if Antigens Released
- Treatment
- Albendazole
- Surgical Removal
1 min
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