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Schickling Shared "NURS 364 Week 15" - 28 Picmonics

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NURS 364 Week 15

Types of Head Injuries
Open Head Injury
Linear Fracture
Comminuted Fracture
Depressed Fracture
Open Fracture
Basilar Skull Fracture
Closed Head Injury
Coup and Contrecoup
Brain Contusion
Concussion
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2 mins
Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
Assessment
Change in LOC
Personality Changes
Amnesia
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Diplopia
Posturing
Location of Injury
Basilar Skull Fracture
Halo or Ring Sign
Considerations
Intracranial Bleeding
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2 mins
Cranial Nerve Pathologies
Cranial Nerve Pathologies
Horner Syndrome
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Bell's Palsy
Brain or Brainstem Lesion
Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia
Multiple Sclerosis
Arnold Chiari Malformation
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Guillain Barre’ Syndrome
Parkinson's Disease
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3 mins
Lumbar Puncture
Indications
CSF Sample
CSF Pressure
Considerations
Empty Bladder
Side-lying Position
Between 3rd and 4th Lumbar Vertebrae
Number Tubes
Supine Position After Procedure
Contraindications
Increased ICP (Intracranial Pressure)
Infection at Puncture Site
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2 mins
Milrinone and Amrinone
Mechanism of Action
Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitor
Potentiates Beta Receptor Effects
Inotrope
Vasodilator
Indication
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Side Effects
Ventricular Arrhythmias
Hypotension
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2 mins
CSF Lab Values: Normal
Pressure: < 20 cm H2O
Color/Appearance: Clear or Colorless
Proteins: < 40 mg/dL
Lactate Dehydrogenase: 10% of Serum Level
Cells: 0-5 Small Lymphocytes
Glucose: 40-70 mg/dL
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2 mins
Concussion
Cause
Brain Trauma
Pathophysiology
Neurometabolic Cascade
Signs & Symptoms
Visual Disturbances
Cognitive Dysfunction
Sleep Disturbances
Emotional Instability
Diagnosis
Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5)
Diagnostic Imaging
Treatment
Physical and Cognitive Rest
Monitored Exercise
Vestibular Rehabilitation
Considerations
Second Impact Syndrome
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4 mins
Dermatomes - Lumbosacral
L2 - Medial Thigh
L3 - Medial Knee
L4 - Kneecap, Medial Ankle, and Big Toe
L5 - Dorsum of Foot
S1 - Lateral Foot, Posteriolateral Thigh
S 2, 3, 4, 5 - Perianal and Genitals
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2 mins
Dermatomes - Cervical
C2 - Posterior Cap Distribution
C3 - High Turtleneck
C4 - Low Collar Shirt
C5 - Anterolateral Shoulder
C6 - Thumb
C7 - Middle Finger
C8 - Pinky Finger
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1 min
Glasgow Coma Scale
LOC Assessment
Score of 3 to 15
8 or Less = Coma
Eye Opening
Verbal Response
Motor Response
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1 min
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
Interventions
Elevate Head Of Bed
Foley Catheter
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
High Dose Barbiturates
Passive Hyperventilation
Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection)
Considerations
Neuro Assessment
Maintain Normal Temperature
Avoid Activities That Increase ICP
Intracranial Monitoring System
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2 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
Change in LOC
Headache
Cushings Triad
Irregular Respirations
Widening Pulse Pressure
Bradycardia
Projectile Vomiting
Abnormal Pupils
Papilledema
Posturing
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2 mins
Level of Consciousness: Descriptive guide for Glasgow Coma Scale
Conscious
Confused
Delirious
Somnolent
Obtunded
Stuporous
Comatose
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3 mins
Somatic Reflex Arc
Spinal Cord
Sensory (Afferent) Neuron
Interneurons Transmit
Motor (Efferent) Neuron
Effector Targets
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1 min
American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale
ASIA Impairments Scale (AIS)
ASIA A
Complete
ASIA B
Sensory Incomplete
ASIA C
Motor Incomplete
ASIA D
Motor Incomplete
ASIA E
Normal
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2 mins
Anterior Pituitary
Characteristics
Hypothalamic Control
FLAT PeG Mnemonic
Tropic Hormones
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Direct Hormones
Prolactin (PRL)
Growth Hormone (GH)
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2 mins
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Injury Above T6
Assessment
Paroxysmal Hypertension
Bradycardia
Diaphoresis
Flushing Above Lesion
Piloerection
Nasal Congestion
Headache
Interventions
Elevate Head of Bed
Remove Noxious Stimuli
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2 mins
Autonomic Nervous System
Characteristics
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or Flight
All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest and Digest
Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
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2 mins
Cranial Nerve Function
Sensory
CN I
CN II
CN VIII
Motor
CN III
CN IV
CN VI
CN XI
CN XII
Both
CN V
CN VII
CN IX
CN X
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1 min
Dermatomes - Thoracic
Characteristics
T1 - Medial Arm
T4 - Nipple
T7 - Xiphoid
T10 - Belly Button
T12 - Pubis
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58 secs

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Schickling Shared NURS 364 Week 15 - 28 Picmonics