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Britneykasante7053 Shared "PHARM Exam 2" - 34 Picmonics

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PHARM Exam 2

Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Mechanism
Alpha and Beta Agonist
Indications
Anaphylaxis
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)
Bleeding
Cardiac Arrest
Side Effects
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Tremors
Insomnia
Considerations
Multiple Strengths
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2 mins
Albuterol (Proventil)
Mechanism
Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonist
Indications
Bronchospasm
Asthma
Side Effects
Angina
Tachycardia
Tremor
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1 min
Atenolol
classification
beta-1 adrenergic antagonist
use
decrease BP to help with HTN, angina, and acute MI
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26 secs
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Classification
cholinergic agonist
ACTION
contract the bladder increases GI secretions, constricts the pupils, and cause bronchoconstriction
use
contradiction
treats urinary retention
hyperthyroidism, asthma, seizures, and Parkinson's
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28 secs
Atropine
Mechanism of Action
Muscarinic Antagonist
Indications
Bradycardia
Increased Exocrine Secretions
Smooth Muscle Spasms
Side Effects
Tachycardia
Dry Mouth
Urinary Retention
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2 mins
alprazolam (xanax)
Classification
benzodiazapine
Action
depresses the CNS through increasing GABA
use
treats anxiety, panic disorders, and insomnia
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22 secs
lorazepam (antivan)
CLASS
benzodiazepine (anxiolytic)
Use
used to control anxiety, seizures, insomnia, and to reduce sedation
antidote
Flumazenil
side effects
Hallucinations
ataxia
amnesia
CNS effects and GI effects
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
contradictions
can develop withdrawal 2-10 days after stopping the medication
Avoid Grapefruit Juice
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59 secs
Benzodiazepine Antidote
Antidote
Flumazenil
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40 secs
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Mechanism
Hypnotic
Indications
Insomnia
Side Effects
Daytime Drowsiness
Bizarre Sleep Behaviors
Sleep Driving
Angioedema
Considerations
Short Term Administration
Take Immediately Before Bedtime
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1 min
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Mechanism
Blocks Na+ Channels
Indications
Tonic-clonic Seizures
Side Effects
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Sedation
Gingival Hyperplasia
Purple Glove Syndrome
Hirsutism
Rash
Anemia
Considerations
Individualized Dosing
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2 mins
cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
classification
is a centrally-acting muscle relaxant
use
short term muscle spasms
side effects
anticholinergic
CNS effects
unpleasant taste
confusion
Drowsiness
contraindications
paralytic ileus
cerebral palsy
hypokalemia
sedation
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37 secs
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Reuptake of Serotonin
Indications
Depression
Side Effects
Sexual Dysfunction
CNS Stimulation
Weight Changes
Serotonin Syndrome
Contraindications
No MAO-Is
No Anticoagulants / Antiplatelets
Considerations
Suicide Risk
Delayed Onset of Action
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2 mins
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Overview
Indications
Depression
Anxiety
Mechanism of Action
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Drugs
Paroxetine
Sertraline
Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
Side Effects
Sexual Dysfunction
Serotonin Syndrome
Treat with Cyproheptadine
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2 mins
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
Indications
Depression
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Duloxetine
Panic and Anxiety
Venlafaxine
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Reuptake of Serotonin and NE
Side Effects
Hypertension
Insomnia
Nausea and Vomiting
Decreased Libido
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1 min
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Reuptake of Norepinephrine and Serotonin
Indications
Depression
Bipolar Disorder
Fibromyalgia
Side Effects
Sedation
Orthostatic Hypotension
Anticholinergic Effects
Cardiac Toxicity
Considerations
Delayed Effect
Do Not Stop Abruptly
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2 mins
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO-Is)
Indications
Atypical Depression
Mechanism of Action
Increase Levels of Amine Neurotransmitters
Drugs
"Takes Pride In Shanghai"
Tranylcypromine
Phenelzine
Isocarboxazid
Selegiline
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1 min
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
Mechanism
Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
NSAID
Indications
Thrombotic Event Prevention
General Pain
Inflammatory Conditions
Fever
Side Effects
Pancytopenia
GI Ulcers
Bleeding
Considerations
Withhold Before Surgery 7-10 Days
Reye's Syndrome
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2 mins
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
Mechanisms
NSAID
COX Inhibitor
Indications
General Pain
Fever
Inflammatory Conditions
Side Effects
GI Ulcers
Nephrotoxicity
Rash
Considerations
Avoid with Alcohol
Risk of Thrombotic Event
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2 mins
Celecoxib
Indications
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Pain
Mechanism of Action
NSAID
Selectively Inhibits COX-2
Side Effects
Sulfa Allergy
Increased Risk of Thrombosis
GI Bleed
Contraindication
Pregnancy > 30 Weeks
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1 min
infliximab (Remicade)
classification
immunomodulator
action
works through blocking TNF receptors
use
psoriatic arthritis
psoriasis
rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
ulcerative colitis
Chrohns disease
adverse effects
infection
administration
needs to be administered through IV over 2 hours
contraindications
Hypersensitivity, heart failure
make sure TB test is negative
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1 min

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