Noor Shared "acnp3" - 90 Picmonics
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acnp3
Acute Abdomen Differential Diagnosis: Lower Quadrants
- Right Lower Quadrant
- Appendicitis
- Salpingitis
- Left Lower Quadrant
- Sigmoid Volvulus
- Sigmoid Diverticulitis
- Lower Quadrant (Both/Either)
- Ectopic Pregnancy
- Ovarian Torsion
- Renal Calculi
- Pyelonephritis
2 mins
Acute Abdomen Differential Diagnosis: Midepigastrium and Diffuse
- Midepigastrium
- Peptic Ulcer Disease
- Pancreatitis
- Aortic Dissection
- Myocardial Infarction
- Any Place
- Peritonitis
- Hemorrhage or Perforation
- Bowel Obstruction
- Strangulation
- Acute Hepatitis
2 mins
Acute Abdomen Differential Diagnosis: Upper Quadrants
- Right Upper Quadrant
- Cholecystitis
- Biliary Colic
- Cholangitis
- Perforated Duodenal Ulcer
- Acute Hepatitis
- Left Upper Quadrant
- Splenic Rupture
- IBS (Splenic Flexure Syndrome)
2 mins
Abdomen Assessment
- Inspect the Abdomen
- 4 Quadrants
- Contour, Shape, Symmetry
- Umbilicus
- Auscultate
- Bowel Stethoscope
- Vascular Sounds
- Percussion
- Percuss 4 Quadrants
- Tympany or Dullness
- Palpate
- Light Palpation
- Deep Palpation
- Rebound Tenderness
5 mins
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
- Screening
- Screen Males 65-75 Who've Ever Smoked
- Diagnosis
- Ultrasound
- Treatment
- Observation
- Asymptomatic and < 5 cm in Size
- Surgical Repair
- > 5.5 cm in Abdomen
- Emergent Surgery
- Ruptured or Symptomatic
2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Heavy Alcohol Use and Gallstones
- Signs and Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea/Vomiting/Anorexia
- Abdominal Rigidity/Guarding
- Decreased or Absent Bowel Sounds
- Hypotension and Tachycardia
- Jaundice
- Increased White Blood Cells
2 mins
Breast Cancer Diagnosis
- Mammography
- Ultrasound
- MRI for High Risk Patients
- Confirmed with Biopsy
- Considerations
- Lymph Node Involvement
- Receptor Positivity
- Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors
- HER-2
2 mins
Breast Cancer Interventions
- Radiation or Chemotherapy
- Hormonal Therapy
- Tamoxifen
- Lumpectomy
- Mastectomy
- Avoid BP and Injections Affected Arm
- Hand Exercises
- Considerations
- Grief Related to Body Image
- Prosthetics
- Reconstruction
- Lymphedema
3 mins
Inflammatory Breast Cancer
- Invasive ductal cancer
- Lymphatic Cancer
- Impaired Lymphatic Drainage
- Peau DOrange -> swollen breast
- Poor Prognosis (5 years)
Trastuzumab
- Indications
- HER-2+ Breast Cancer
- Stomach Cancer
- Mechanism
- Monoclonal Antibody Against HER-2
- Inhibition of Cellular Signaling
- Cytotoxicity
- Side effects
- Cardiotoxicity
1 min
Raloxifene
- Mechanism of Action
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
- Agonist in Bone
- Antagonist in Breast and Uterus
- Indications
- Osteoporosis
- Breast Cancer Prophylaxis
- Uterine Fibroids
- Side Effects
- Hot Flashes
- Thromboembolism
2 mins
Tamoxifen
- Mechanism of Action
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
- Antagonist on Breast Tissue
- Indications
- ER-positive Breast Cancer
- Side Effects
- Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis
- Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
- Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
1 min
Paclitaxel (Taxanes)
- Mechanism of Action
- Taxane
- Stabilizes Microtubules
- Indications
- Breast Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)
- Side Effects
- Mucositis
- Myelosuppression
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Hypersensitivity
- Alopecia
- Considerations
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
2 mins
Fibroadenoma
- Most Common Benign Breast Tumor
- Stromal Tumor
- Presentation
- Women under 40
- Small, firm mass
- Sharp Edges
- Increased tenderness and size with Estrogen
- Management
- Biopsy
1 min
Paget Disease Of The Breast
- Clinical Manifestations
- Spreading Ulceration At Nipple/Areola
- Eczematous Or Vesicular Rash
- Pruritus
- Breast Mass
- Bloody Or Yellow Discharge
- Pathophysiology
- Associated With Underlying Ductal Adenocarcinoma
- Caused By Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Migrating To Surface
- Workup
- Biopsy
- Bilateral Mammogram
4 mins
Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
- Characteristics
- Most Common Lung Cancer
- Most Common in Nonsmokers
- Peripheral Location
- KRAS, EGFR, and ALK Mutations
- Diagnosis
- Glandular Pattern
- Often Stains with Mucin
- Clinical Features
- Presents with Hemoptysis
- Clubbing
- Treatment
- Surgical Resection
- Chemotherapy and Radiation
2 mins
Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor
- Characteristics
- Excellent Prognosis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Symptoms of Bronchial Obstruction
- Often Asymptomatic
- Carcinoid Syndrome
- Diarrhea
- Wheezing
- Flushing
- Diagnosis
- 5-HIAA in Urine
- Nests of Neuroendocrine Cells
- Chromogranin A Positive
- Treatment
- Surgical Resection
- Octreotide for Symptomatic Relief
2 mins
Large Cell Carcinoma
- Characteristics
- Strong Correlation with Smoking
- Poor Prognosis
- Peripheral Lesions
- Symptoms
- Gynecomastia
- Galactorrhea
- Diagnosis
- Anaplastic Cells
- Pleomorphic Giant Cells
- May Produce Beta hCG
- Diagnosis of Exclusion
- Treatment
- Surgical Resection
- Less Responsive to Chemotherapy and Radiation
2 mins
Small Cell (Oat Cell) Carcinoma
- Characteristics
- Aggressively Malignant
- Strong Correlation with Smoking
- Central Location
- Amplification of Myc Oncogenes
- Signs and Symptoms
- Narrowing of Bronchial Airways
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Ectopic ACTH
- Syndrome Of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
- Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
- Diagnosis
- Kulchitsky Cells
- Neuron-Specific Enolase Positive
- Chromogranin A Positive
- Treatment
- Chemotherapy and Radiation
3 mins
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
- Characteristics
- Strong Correlation with Smoking
- More Common in Men
- Central Location
- Cavitating Lesion Extending to Hilum
- PTHrP Causes Hypercalcemia
- Diagnosis
- Keratin Pearls
- Intercellular Bridges
- Treatment
- Surgical Resection (if Early Stage)
- Chemotherapy and Radiation (if Later Stage)
2 mins
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