Ashton Shared "RSM - Antiviral" - 9 Picmonics
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RSM - Antiviral
Zanamivir (Relenza) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
- Indications
- Influenza A and B
- Treatment and Prophylaxis
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Release of New Virus
- Inhibits Influenza Neuraminidase
1 min
Influenza Virus
- Characteristics
- RNA Virus
- Orthomyxovirus
- Enveloped
- Negative Sense
- 8 Segments
- Helical
- Hemagglutinin for Viral Entry
- Neuraminidase for Virion Release
- Genetic Shift
- Reassortment of genome to cause major change
- Genetic Drift
- Minor Antigenic Mutations
- Considerations
- Reye Syndrome with Aspirin Use
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
3 mins
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- Mechanism
- Guanosine Analog
- Inhibits Viral Replication
- Thymidine Kinase Activation
- Indications
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Side Effects (Oral)
- Headache
- GI Distress
- Side Effects (IV)
- CNS Toxicity
- Nephrotoxicity (Crystalline Nephropathy)
- Considerations
- Prevents Recurrent Episodes
- Slow IV Infusion
2 mins
Ganciclovir
- Indications
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Immunocompromised
- Mechanism
- Guanosine Analog
- Disrupts DNA Synthesis
- Inhibits Viral DNA Polymerase
- Side Effects
- Hematologic Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
1 min
Foscarnet
- Indications
- CMV Retinitis
- Acyclovir-resistant HSV
- Mechanism
- Does Not Require Activation (by Viral Kinase)
- Inhibits Viral DNA Polymerase
- Pyrophosphate Analog
- Resistance through Mutated DNA Polymerase
- Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Electrolyte Abnormalities
- Hypokalemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypomagnesemia
2 mins
Genital Herpes
- Mechanism
- Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 (HSV)
- Assessment
- May Be Asymptomatic
- Oral or Genital Lesions
- Vesicles in Clusters
- Pain
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Antiviral Medications
- Acyclovir
- Valacyclovir
- Famciclovir
- Considerations
- Infectious During Recurrences
2 mins
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Linear
- Signs and Symptoms
- Type 1 HSV
- Gingivostomatitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
- Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
- Type 2 HSV
- Genital Vesicles
- Neonatal Herpes
- TORCHES
- Latent in Sacral Ganglia
- Diagnosis
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusions
- Treatment
- Acyclovir
2 mins
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Herpesvirus 3
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Signs and Symptoms
- Chickenpox
- Pneumonia
- Encephalitis
- Trigeminal and Dorsal Root Ganglia
- Shingles
- Diagnosis
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusion
- Treatment
- Acyclovir
2 mins
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Herpesvirus 5
- Diagnosis
- Non Heterophile Antibodies
- Owl's eye inclusions
- Signs and Symptoms
- Congenital TORCH infection
- Mononucleosis
- Pneumonia
- AIDS retinitis and esophagitis
- Infection in transplant recipients
2 mins
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