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Sarah Shared "Pharm 2 E2" - 32 Picmonics

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Pharm 2 E2

Octreotide
Indications
Acute Variceal Bleeds
Pituitary Tumors
GH Secreting Tumors
Carcinoid Tumors
VIPoma
Mechanism
Somatostatin Analog
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2 mins
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
"-prazole" Suffix
Indications
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Gastritis
Peptic Ulcer
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Mechanism
Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
Side Effects
Hip fracture
Pneumonia
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2 mins
H2 Receptor Blocker
"-tidine" Suffix
Indications
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Peptic Ulcer
Mechanism
Block Histamine H2 Receptors
Parietal Cells
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52 secs
H2 Receptor Blocker Side Effects
Side Effects
Decrease Creatinine Clearance
Cimetidine
Crosses Blood-Brain Barrier
Anti-Androgen
Inhibits Cytochrome P450
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1 min
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
-tidine Suffix
Mechanism
H2 Receptor Blocker
Indications
Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
Side Effects (All)
Pneumonia
Side Effects - Cimetidine
Anti-androgen Effects
CNS Changes
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2 mins
Metoclopramide
Indications
Antiemetic
Promotility Agent
Mechanism
Increased Resting Tone
Antagonist at D2 Receptor
Side Effects
Parkinsonian Symptoms
Galactorrhea
Contraindication
Small Bowel Obstruction
Parkinson's Disease
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2 mins
Sucralfate (Carafate)
Mechanism
Creates Protective Barrier
Indications
GI Ulcers
Side Effects
Constipation
Considerations
Require Acidic Environment
Give on Empty Stomach
Oral Suspension Available
May Decrease Absorption of Other Meds
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2 mins
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Interventions
Interventions
Identify Triggers
Increase Fiber Intake
Probiotics
Anticholinergics
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
Loperamide
Linaclotide
Medications for Women
Tegaserod (Zelnorm)
Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
Alosetron (Lotronex)
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2 mins
Methotrexate
Indications
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Cancer
Medical Abortion
Mechanism
Folic Acid Analog
Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
Side Effects
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
Macrocytic Anemia
Hepatitis
Teratogenic
Mucositis
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2 mins
TNF-Alpha Inhibitor Drugs and Complications
Etanercept
Decoy TNF- Alpha receptor
Anti-TNF- Alpha antibody
Adalimumab
Infliximab
Complications
Increased risk of infection
Predispose to Tuberculosis (TB) reactivation
Order Baseline PPD- skin test
Quantiferon Gold In-Tube
Order Chest X-Ray
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2 mins
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
Mechanism
Glucocorticoid
Indications
Inflammatory Conditions
Organ Transplant Rejection
Side Effects
Cataracts and Glaucoma
Cushing's Syndrome
Osteoporosis
Immunosuppression
Hyperglycemia
Ulcers
Considerations
Adrenal Insufficiency
Taper Gradually
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2 mins
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
Mechanism
GABA Analog
Indications
Seizures
Neuropathic Pain
Fibromyalgia
Side Effects
Headache
Dizziness
Somnolence (Fatigue)
Weight Gain
Angioedema
Rhabdomyolysis
Considerations
Dependence
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1 min
Phenytoin
Indications
Status Epilepticus
Tonic-Clonic Seizures
Mechanism of Action
Blocks Na+ Channel Activation
Inhibition of Glutamate Release
Class IB Antiarrhythmic
Side Effects
Teratogenic
Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia
Induce Cytochrome P450
Drug-induced Lupus
Neuropathy
Hirsutism
Gingival Hyperplasia
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1 min
Carbamazepine
Indications
First-line Seizure Medication
First Line for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Mechanism of Action
Stabilizes Inactive State of Na+ Channels
Side Effects
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Induce Cytochrome P450
Teratogen
Hepatotoxicity
Blood Dyscrasias
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2 mins
Phenobarbital (Barbiturates)
Mechanism
Barbiturate
Indications
Seizures
Side Effects
Ataxia
Paradoxical Excitement
Fatigue/Drowsiness
Considerations
Monitor Plasma Levels
High Potential for Abuse
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1 min
Topiramate
Indications
Seizure Treatment
Migraine Prophylaxis
Mechanism of Action
Increase GABA Action
Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
Side Effects
Kidney Stones
Weight Loss
Sedation
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1 min
Lamotrigine
Indications
Seizure Treatment
Bipolar Disorder
Mechanism of Action
Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
Side Effect
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
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1 min
Valproic Acid
Indications
First Line Tonic-Clonic Seizure Treatment
Bipolar Disorder
Migraine Prophylaxis
Mechanism of Action
Increases GABA Concentration
Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
Side Effect
GI Distress
Contraindication
Contraindicated in Pregnancy
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1 min
Valproic Acid (Valproate) Side Effects
V-A-L-P-R-O-A-T-E
Vomiting
Alopecia
Liver Toxicity
Pancreatitis/Pancytopenia
Retain Fat (Weight Gain)
Oedema (Edema)
Appetite Increase
Tremor
Enzyme Inhibitor (P450)
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2 mins
Ethosuximide
Indications
First Line Absence Seizure Treatment
Mechanism of Action
Blocks Thalamic T-Type Ca2+ Channels
Side Effects
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Fatigue
Diarrhea
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32 secs

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