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Peds exam 2
Gastroenteritis
Cause/Mechanism
Viruses
Bacteria
Food Intolerances
Assessment
Flu-Like Symptoms
GI Distress
Bloody Stool
Interventions
Oral Rehydration
Considerations
Self-Limiting
Prevention
2 mins
Crohn's Disease Assessment
Diarrhea
5-6 per day
Cramping Abdominal Pain
Fever
Weight Loss
Malabsorption
Anemia
Complications
Obstruction
Fistulas
2 mins
Ulcerative Colitis Assessment
Assessment
Cramping Abdominal Pain
Tenesmus
Bloody Diarrhea
Up to 10-20 / Day
Fever
Complications
Hemorrhage
1 min
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Assessment
Pathophysiology
Relaxed Lower Esophageal Sphincter
Signs and Symptoms
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Belching
Nighttime Coughing
Dysphagia
Epigastric Pain
Regurgitation
Heartburn (Pyrosis)
Globus
2 mins
Rotavirus
Characteristics
Reovirus
Non-enveloped
Double-Stranded
RNA Virus
Linear
11 Segments
Triple Icosahedral Capsid
Most Common Cause of Diarrhea Worldwide
Villous Atrophy
Winter Months
Day Care Centers
Treatment
Oral Rehydration
2 mins
Cleft Lip or Palate Interventions
Considerations
Encourage Bonding
Prosthodontic Device
Modified Nipple
Burping
Surgical Repair
Normal Saline Rinse
Elbow Restraints
Avoid Rigid Eating Utensils
2 mins
Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF)
Cause
Esophageal Atresia
Ends in Blind Pouch
Assessment
Coughing
Choking
Cyanosis
Drooling
Considerations
NPO
Surgical Emergency
Aspiration Pneumonia
2 mins
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) Assessment
Mechanism
Hypertrophied Pylorus
Risk Factor
Macrolide Use
Assessment
3-6 Weeks of Age
Projectile Vomiting After Feeding
No Pain or Discomfort
Weight Loss
Dehydration
Hungry Baby
Olive Mass
2 mins
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) Interventions
Treatment
Pyloromyotomy
Preoperative Care
Stabilize Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Nasogastric Tube
Monitor Feeding
Postoperative Care
Start Formula or Breastfeeding Within 24 Hours
Feedings Every 4-6 hours
Full Feeding Within 2 days
2 mins
Hirschsprung's Disease
Mechanism
Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon
No Peristalsis
Assessment
No Meconium Within 24 Hours
Refusal to Feed
Abdominal Distention
No Stool on Rectal Exam
Forceful Expulsion of Fecal Material After Exam
Interventions
Surgical Resection
Colostomy
2 mins
Celiac Disease
Cause
Intestinal Mucosa Damage
Ingestion Wheat, Barley, Rye
Assessment
GI Distress
Steatorrhea
Weight Loss
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Interventions
Gluten-free Diet
Considerations
Screening
2 mins
Appendicitis Assessment
Mechanism
Obstruction of Appendix
Signs and Symptoms
Periumbilical Pain
RLQ Pain
Nausea/Vomiting/Anorexia
Increased White Blood Cells
Rebound Tenderness
Fever
Complications
Peritonitis
Sepsis
2 mins
Appendicitis Interventions
Treatment
Appendectomy
Preoperative Care
Antibiotics
IV Fluids
No Enema or Laxative
Postoperative Care
Semi-Fowler's Position
Nasogastric Tube
Diet as Tolerated
Pain Management
Early Ambulation
2 mins
Pyelonephritis Assessment
Cause/Mechanism
Ascending Urethral Bacteria
Assessment
Dysuria
Fever
Fatigue
Flank Pain
Costovertebral Tenderness
Nausea and Vomiting
1 min
Pyelonephritis Interventions
Urinalysis
NSAIDs
Antibiotics
Increase Fluid Intake
Avoid Catheterization
Consideration
Urosepsis
1 min
Urinary Tract Infection Prevention and Treatment
Prevention
Shower after Sex
Urinate after Sex
Wipe front to Back
Treatments and Considerations
I and Os with Daily Weights
Increase Water Intake
Antibiotics
Avoid Caffeine
Dr Appointment in 2 Weeks
Void every 2 - 4 hours
2 mins
Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms
More Common in Elderly
Most Common in Females and Babies
Change in LOC
Dehydration
Fever
Urgency
Urethral Infection
Burning
Smelly Urine
Dark Cloudy Urine
Frequency of Urination
2 mins
Acute Glomerulonephritis Interventions
Rest
Restrict Salt and Fluid Intake
Restrict Protein
Antihypertensives
Diuretics
Antibiotics
2 mins
Glomerulonephritis Assessment
Mechanism
Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection
Signs and Symptoms
Hypertension
Hematuria
Proteinuria
Oliguria
Generalized Edema
Increased BUN and CR
Flank Pain
2 mins
Nephrotic Syndrome
Signs and Symptoms
Massive Proteinuria > 3.5g per Day
Edema
Increased risk of infection
Thromboembolism
Hyperlipidemia
Fatty casts
1 min
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